Water in all three forms—solid, liquid, or gas—is an extremely valuable resource for fulfilling the basic necessities of humans. Clean water is not just required for drinking but for sanitation purposes as well. Therefore, water supplied to our homes should ...
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6 Innovative Ways to Sustainable Cities
Living in a densely populated city is no longer a dream and has become quite a nightmare. The rampant environmental degradation, traffic congestion, and inadequate urban infrastructure in big cities has become an everyday sight. To add to it, over ...
Pumping Stations in a Water Distribution System
A pumping station is used in a water distribution system for efficient and reliable transportation and dissemination of water from one site to another. At the station, the water is pumped into the system and the pressure is modulated based ...
What are the Important Types of Pipe Appurtenances?
Various pipe appurtenances or fixtures are required to carry out inspections, tests, and cleaning and repairing works on isolated portions of pipes. The accessories include valves, manholes, insulation joints, anchorages, etc. that should be attached in the right position to ...
What are the types of Surface Drainage Systems? [PDF]
A proper Surface drainage system shapes and molds the land into a watershed that can convey the runoff into an organized drainage system comprising of trench drains, catch basins, and storm sewers. If the surface drainage is below par, it ...
What is the Laying and Jointing Procedure of Concrete Pipes? [PDF]
The laying and jointing of concrete pipes must be done with high precision and efficiency to achieve a leak-free and robust joint between two concrete pipes. The joining of pipes is usually rigid unless it is specified that a flexible ...
What are Infiltration Galleries?
An infiltration gallery is a subsurface source of water used for a water supply system whose structure is like a horizontal drain that is positioned below the water table so that it collects the groundwater. It collects the subsurface sources ...
Population Forecasting for Water Supply System
Population forecasting is defined as the method of determining the expected population for a particular design period of a water supply system with the help of the study and analysis of future events and available records. The population is an ...