Microtunnelling is an efficient trenchless technique for the construction of small diameter tunnels. The method is especially useful for laying pipelines beneath highways, railroads, and other sensitive areas with minimum disruption to businesses and traffic on the surface. It offers ...
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How to Determine Termination Point of Piles in Construction?
Deciding on the termination point of piles during the construction process is a critical task. The actual pile termination level may increase or decrease and is finalized during the execution of the drilling process. Pile penetration ratio and chisel energy ...
What is Scan Line Survey?
Scan line survey, also known as discontinuity survey, is essential for the estimation of rock mass quality in rock mechanics and underground structures. This process involves scanning the outcropped rock surface, followed by data collection for rock mass analysis. Scan ...
How to Use Blasting for Deep Compaction of Soil?
Blasting is an economical compaction method that can be applied for various soil types such as granular, silt, clay, loess, etc. Not only is the technique highly effective in loose soil, but also capable of compacting granular soil down to ...
What are the Causes of Slope Failure?
Soil instability is the inclination of soil for upward, lateral, or downward movement due to natural factors like pore water pressure, cracking, earthquakes, etc. It is crucial to understand the factors that cause slope instability for two reasons. First, for ...
How to Conduct Weight Sounding Test?
Weight sounding test is a form of penetration test conducted at construction sites to assess liquefaction susceptibility, soil profiling, determination of the bearing capacity of shallow and deep foundations, etc. The test consists of two stages, namely, static penetration and rotational penetration, ...
How to Determine Number of Passes and Lift Thickness for Soil Compaction? [PDF]
The calculation of the number of passes for compactors and lift (soil layer) thickness for soil is critical to attain the required degree of compaction. Generally, the lift thickness varies between 15-30cm based on soil type, and the majority of ...
How to Improve Rock Quality and Stability? [PDF]
Unweathered and sound rocks are always considered as an ideal base for building foundations. But in the case of unfavorable rock conditions at any location, if the loads transferred by the columns fail to reach the underlying strata, heavy structural ...