Basics of Reinforced Concrete Slab Design Slabs are generally designed on the assumption that they consists of a number of beams of breadth ‘one meter’. 1. Effective Span of Slab The effective span of a simply supported slab shall be ...
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Types of Stairs Used in Building Construction
Types of stairs used in building construction is broadly based on the shape of the stairs. Straight stairs, Turning stairs and Continuous stairs are broad types of stairs. A stair is a set of steps leading from one floor of ...
Footing Bar Bending Schedule (BBS) – Estimation of Steel Quantity
Bar bending schedule (BBS) of an concrete footing provides the reinforcement details and the total steel quantity required for the footing construction. The BBS and quantity of steel reinforcement required for a simply isolated footing are calculated and explained by ...
Aggregate Crushing Value Test – Determine Aggregate Crushing Strength
Aggregate crushing value test on coarse aggregates gives a relative measure of the resistance of an aggregate crushing under gradually applied compressive load. Coarse aggregate crushing value is the percentage by weight of the crushed material obtained when test aggregates are ...
WHAT IS A WEIR? TYPES OF WEIRS AND FLOW OVER WEIRS
What is a weir? A weir is a concrete or masonry structure which is constructed across the open channel (such as a river) to change its water flow characteristics. Weirs are constructed as an obstruction to flow of water. These ...
Determination of Aggregate Impact Value – Impact Test on Aggregates
Determination of Aggregate Impact Value – Impact Test on Aggregates is done to carry out to: Determine the impact value of the road aggregates, Assess their suitability in road construction on the basis of impact value. Aggregate Impact Value on ...
Theodolite Parts and its Functions for Angle Measurements in Surveying
Theodolite has many parts which needs to be adjusted every time while surveying. It is important to know about theodolite parts and their functions before using it to minimize errors during theodolite surveying.
Determination of Standard Consistency of Cement
The standard consistency is that consistency, which will permit the vicat plunger to penetrate to a point 5 to 7mm from the bottom of the vicat mould when tested as described below.
What are Intake Structures? 8 Types of Intake Structures
Intake structures are used for collecting water from the surface sources such as river, lake, and reservoir and conveying it further to the water treatment plant. These structures are masonry or concrete structures and provides relatively clean water, free from ...
Types of Pavement – Flexible Pavements and Rigid Pavements
Types of Pavements There are two types of pavements based on design considerations i.e. flexible pavement and rigid pavement. Difference between flexible and rigid pavements is based on the manner in which the loads are distributed to the subgrade. Before ...