Architects in construction plays an important role and they are responsible for visual appearance of the buildings and structures before final structural design.
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Testing of Sand Quality at Construction Site for Concrete
There are different methods for testing of sand quality at construction site for concrete construction. Quality of sand is as much of importance as other materials for concrete. Aggregate most of which pass through 4.75 mm IS sieve is known as ...
12 Types of Loads Considered for Design of Bridge Structures
Various types of loads are considered for design of bridge structures. These loads and their combinations decides the safety of the bridge construction during its use under all circumstances. The design loads should be considered properly for perfect design of ...
Characteristics of Water – Physical, Chemical and Biological
Water has three characteristics, i.e. physical, chemical and biological characteristics. The raw treated water can be checked and analysed by studying and testing these characteristics as explained below: Physical Characteristics of Water 1. Turbidity of Water The turbidity is measured ...
Specific Gravity and Water Absorption Tests on Aggregates
Specific gravity test of aggregates is done to measure the strength or quality of the material while water absorption test determines the water holding capacity of the coarse and fine aggregates. The main objective of these test is to, To ...
Isolated Footing Design Example and Excel Sheet
Isolated footing design example with step by step procedure and isolated footing design excel sheet (spreadsheet) is also provided for easy and fast calculation. Learning design with examples is always the best method of learning. Step by step procedure for ...
Types of False Ceilings and its Applications
False ceiling is provided below the roof slab on suspended supports. The false celling is usually provided for temperature control (heat insulation for AC), to install lights, or to conceal electrical and other networking cables and ugly or too high ...
6 Types of Deep Foundations used in Construction and Their Uses
Deep foundation is required to carry loads from a structure through weak compressible soils or fills on to stronger and less compressible soils or rocks at depth, or for functional reasons. Deep foundations are founded too deeply below the finished ...
Types of Rain Gauges for Measuring Rainfall Data
Rain gauge is a type of instrument used by meteorologists and hydrologists to measure and record rainfall rate and data in a certain period of time.
Principles of Retaining Wall Design
There various parts of a retaining wall and design principles of these retaining wall components based on different factors and material and methods of construction are discussed. Any wall that sustains significant lateral soil pressure is a retaining wall. However, ...