Seismic zones in Indian subcontinent is divided into four seismic zones (II, III, IV, and V) based on scientific inputs relating to seismicity, earthquakes occurred in the past and tectonic setup of the region. Previously, earthquake zones divided into five ...
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Types of Defects in Bricks and their Identification at Construction Site
There can be many defects in bricks. Identifying defective bricks is important for the consideration of stability and durability of load bearing brick masonry walls and structures. Types of Defects in Bricks and their Identification Following are the different types ...
Different Types of Bitumen, their Properties and Uses
There are different types of bitumen available with different properties, specifications and uses based on requirements of consuming industry.
Structural Design Guidelines for Concrete and Steel Buildings
The structural design process of a complete construction project is divided into three phases Planning, Design, and Construction. The planning phase will consider the various factors that affect the layout and the dimension of the structure. Here, the decision is ...
Types of Pointing in Brick Masonry Construction
Pointing is the finishing of mortar joints in brick or stone masonry construction. Pointing is the implementing of joints to a depth of 10 mm to 20 mm and filling it with better quality mortar in desired shape. It is ...
Fibre Reinforced Polymer (FRP) in Construction, Types and Uses
An FRP composite is defined as a polymer that is reinforced with a fibre. The primary function of fibre reinforcement is to carry load along the length of the fiber and to provide strength and stiffness in one direction. FRP ...
Components of an Airport
There are various components of an airport which are structures. The planning and designing of these Airport components are carried out by civil and structural engineers. Components of Airport Runway Taxiway Apron Terminal building Control tower Hanger Parking Runway Runway ...
Different Methods of Bridge Construction and their Selection
Different Methods of Bridge Construction Described below are the different methods employed in the construction of bridges. 1. Cast-in-situ Method of Bridge Construction This method is a flexible method of bridge construction where complex and unusual geometrical shapes of dams ...
Records to be Maintained at Construction Site
Records to be maintained at construction sites play important role in construction activities. It is a document required to prove any construction activity has taken place at site during billing or any other claims. These records have all the data ...
Hydrology and Hydrological Cycle in Water Resource Engineering
Hydrology and hydrological cycle are important science that deals with the depletion and the replenishment of the water resources. The knowledge of hydrology is necessary to perform design, operation and maintenance of the water resource engineering projects. What is Hydrology? ...