We are all aware of the importance of estimation in any civil engineering work. The builder needs to have knowledge of the amount of work and the associated costs before taking up any project. It is also important to know ...
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How Important is it to Prepare an Approximate Estimate?
Approximate estimate, also known as preliminary or rough estimate, helps to find out the approximate cost of a project in a very short time. Moreover, it enables the concerned authority to consider the financial aspect of the scheme to accord ...
Construction Estimates – Definition, Purpose, and Types [PDF]
An estimate for any construction work may be defined as the process of calculating the quantities and costs of the various items required in connection with the work. Before the start of any work for its execution, the owner of ...
Braced Cofferdam – Uses and Types [PDF]
Cofferdams are temporary structures that are built to keep the water away from the execution site. This enables construction to be carried out on dry surfaces. A braced or strutted cofferdam is a temporary enclosure consisting of vertical or horizontal ...
Steel Piles – Types, Advantages, and Disadvantages [PDF]
A steel pile can be a rolled section, a fabricated shape, or a piece of sheet pile. Two or more sections of sheet piles may be connected together in a box shape and driven as one pile. The most important ...
Timber Piles- Advantages, Disadvantages, Classification, and Preventive Treatment [PDF]
Piles are deep foundations which transfer the load of the superstructure deep down in the ground. Piles are basically long slender columnar members which transfer the load of the superstructure to the ground through skin friction or through end bearing. ...
Non-Destructive Test on Structural Steel and Welds
Non-destructive testing is a solution to find the strength of the existing steel structure and its joints such as welds. Di-Penetration Test, Magnetic Particle Testing, and ultrasonic testing are the various non-destructive tests (NDT) carried out to find the strength ...
Paver Blocks – Types, Shapes, Uses, and Benefits
Paver block or Paving block is one of the most popular flexible surface treatment options for exterior pavement applications. These blocks are aesthetically pleasing, comfortable to walk on, extremely durable and easy to maintain.