Different exposure conditions are established based on the degree of severity of the environmental conditions of the area in which the structure is located. Various codes such as Indian Standard, American Concrete Institute, and European Standard have set similar exposure ...
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Sway and Non-sway Frames: What is the Difference Between the Two?
A frame is considered to be non-sway (braced) if it is sufficiently braced by lateral bracing elements like structural walls. On the other hand, frames that provide lateral resistance only through columns are considered to be sway frames (unbraced). ACI ...
How to Design Axially Loaded RC Short Column as per ACI 318-19? Example Included
The design of an axially loaded reinforced concrete (RC) short column is quite simple and straightforward. It is governed by the strength of materials and the cross-section of the member. If vertical axial loads act on the center of gravity ...
What is Slenderness Ratio of RC Column and How to Calculate it?
The slenderness ratio of a reinforced concrete (RC) column is the ratio between the length of the column, its lateral dimensions, and end fixity. It assesses the ability of the reinforced concrete column to resist buckling pressure. The slenderness ratio ...
What is the Minimum Curing Period for Concrete?
The minimum curing period for concrete is controlled by the type of cement used, ambient temperature, type of construction (size and shape of concrete member), designated strength, and curing regime. For the majority of concrete structures, the minimum curing period ...
How to Design Continuous Beam and One-way Slab using ACI Approximate Analysis Method?
Continuous beams and one-ways slabs are statically indeterminate structures which i.e they cannot be analyzed using three equations of equilibrium developed to solve unknown moments and reactions of determinate members. That is why several methods such as slope deflection method, ...
How to Design Reinforced Concrete Beam for Shear? Example Included
Shear design of reinforced concrete (RC) beam involves the determination of spacing between stirrups. Shear is a word used for forces that work perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of RC beam. Commonly, shear forces are maximum at supports of beams ...
4 Types of Cracks in Concrete Columns and their Causes: Video Included
Four types of cracks developed in reinforced concrete column are diagonal cracks, horizontal cracks, splitting cracks, corrosion cracks. The causes of cracks in columns can be incorrect design, faulty construction or overloading, corrosion of reinforcement, isolated settlement of foundations, creep ...