Geotechnical Engineering

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Jigar Chaudhari
Jigar Chaudhari

Jigar Chaudhari

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What is the difference between black cotton soil and clay?

  1. Abbas Khan Civil Engineer

    Abbas Khan Civil Engineer

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    Abbas Khan Civil Engineer Learner

    Black Cotton soil ; Black Cotton Soil is a heavy clayey soil, varying from clay to loam.The black color in black cotton soil is due to the presence of Titanium Oxide in a little concentration. Generally, it is light to dark appearance. Found in central and southern parts of India. Clay SOIL; Clay soRead more

    Black Cotton soil ; Black Cotton Soil is a heavy clayey soil, varying from clay to loam.The black color in black cotton soil is due to the presence of Titanium Oxide in a little concentration. Generally, it is light to dark appearance. Found in central and southern parts of India.

    Clay SOIL; Clay soil is composed of very small fine particles and not much organic in nature. It contains clay minerals which, when get wet, develops plasticity. Clay minerals have hydrous Aluminium phyllosilicates.

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Tah Songkai
Tah Songkai

Tah Songkai

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What is the applications of the Unified Soil Classification System?

  1. Gopal Mishra

    Gopal Mishra

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    Gopal Mishra

    Unified soil classification system is adopted by ASTM D-2487-98 and IS:1498-1970 for classification and identification of soils for general engineering purposes. Refer this article details on Unified Soil Classification System

    Unified soil classification system is adopted by ASTM D-2487-98 and IS:1498-1970 for classification and identification of soils for general engineering purposes.

    Refer this article details on Unified Soil Classification System

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vivek gami
vivek gami

vivek gami

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If we reduce water content below the shrinkage limit of soil, What will happen in the pore of soil?

  1. Vivek Patel

    Vivek Patel

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    shrinkage limit is the maximum water content at which if we reduce water content further than soil volume doesn't change, we can also say that at shrinkage limit, water is in just saturated stage. let's see the graph of water content and volume change with shrinkage limit ws= shrinkage limit wp= plaRead more

    shrinkage limit is the maximum water content at which if we reduce water content further than soil volume doesn’t change,

    we can also say that at shrinkage limit, water is in just saturated stage.

    let’s see the graph of water content and volume change with shrinkage limit

    ws= shrinkage limit

    wp= plastic limit

    wl=liquid limit

    at below shrinkage water content water is spill out/remove from voids of soil and that voids fill with the air. Hence voids doesn’t change, so volume doesn’t change. and soil become 3 phase structure air, water and solid particles.

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Gopal Mishra
Gopal Mishra

Gopal Mishra

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How to measure loads and pressures on geotechnical structures?

  1. Gopal Mishra

    Gopal Mishra

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    Gopal Mishra

    Please be specific about your question. Provide more details to get answers.

    Please be specific about your question. Provide more details to get answers.

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MohamedAquib
MohamedAquib

MohamedAquib

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What is the size of the gravel which is used in pavements for Granular base and Which type of soil is mostly used?

  1. HMNZ 1010

    HMNZ 1010

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    This question actually needs very long & detailed answer,It can not be answered in 2 lines.However,Let me summarize this as possible. The flexible pavement contains 4 main pavement layers that are as following Sub-grade(Natural soil) ,  Sub-base , base & Surface Course. The surface course coRead more

    This question actually needs very long & detailed answer,It can not be answered in 2 lines.However,Let me summarize this as possible.

    • The flexible pavement contains 4 main pavement layers that are as following Sub-grade(Natural soil) ,  Sub-base , base & Surface Course.
    • The surface course contains 4 layers as well that are as following Prime Coat , Binder Course , Tack Coat & Wearing Surface.
    • The Binder Course & Wearing Course contains the Following (Coarse aggregate + Fine aggregate + mineral filler + Asphalt)
    • Size & Gradation of aggregate(Coarse & fine) shall be as following as per AASHTO …> Coarse aggregate (Retained on Sieves#4 , 8 & 10) …> and the fine aggregate (Passing from Sieves#4 , 8 & 10) …> Mineral filler (at least 70% pass from sieve#200)
    • Regarding the Subgrade soil shall be Fine or Coarse aggregate and the soil shall have group index less than 4 to be suitable for use as per AASHTO
    • Group index equation as following (G.I=0.2*a + 0.005*a*c + 0.01*b*d)
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vivek gami
vivek gami

vivek gami

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What is Relative Compaction? How it is used on-site?

  1. Vivek Patel

    Vivek Patel

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    Relative compaction is a ration of the density of soil at site to the maximum dry density of soil. like we have maximum dry density of soil have 1800 kg/m3 which determine in lab now on site we can archive 1700 kg/m3 by compaction of dumped soil so relative density of that soil on site is =1700/1800Read more

    Relative compaction is a ration of the density of soil at site to the maximum dry density of soil.

    like we have maximum dry density of soil have 1800 kg/m3 which determine in lab

    now on site we can archive 1700 kg/m3 by compaction of dumped soil

    so relative density of that soil on site is =1700/1800=0.9444 = 94.44%

    it is use for

    1. to know how much density we archive compare to design in lab
    2. sometime in specification minimum criteria of relative density are given, ex- minimum relative density at whole site should be 90%.
    3. from relative density we can calculate actual movement of soil, which is very important in tall building and structural durability calculation
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