A pipeline is a system of pipes designed to carry fluids such as oil, natural gas, or other petroleum-based products over long distances, often underground. It is a very important part of the modern civilization that has now been used ...
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Factors Influencing Earthquake Resistant Design of Structures
Structures are generally subjected to static and dynamic loads. The former is constant with time while the latter is time-varying. The majority of civil engineering structures are designed with an assumption that all the applied loads are static. The effect ...
Guidelines for Earthquake Resistant Design of Structures
An earthquake is vibration of earth surface by waves emerging from the source of disturbance in the earth by virtue of release of energy in the earth’s crust. It is essentially a sudden and transient motion or series of motions ...
Limit State, Working Stress and Ultimate Load Method of Structural Design
This was the traditional method of design not only for reinforced concrete, but also for structural steel and timber design. The method basically assumes that the structural material behaves as a linear elastic manner, and that adequate safety can be ...
Types of Structural Design and its Processes
The entire process of structural planning and design requires not only imagination and conceptual thinking but also sound knowledge of practical aspects, such as recent design codes and bye-laws, backed up by ample experience, institution and judgment. It is emphasized ...
Development Length of Reinforcement Bars
A development length can be defined as the amount of reinforcement(bar) length needed to be embedded or projected into the column to establish the desired bond strength between the concrete and steel (or any other two types of material). Reason ...
RELIABILITY-BASED DESIGN
Reliability? “BEST bus services are very reliable” “BMC water supply is not very reliable” “In Mumbai, Western Railway’s service is more reliable than that of the Central Railway” What is reliability, in technical terms? How do we measure it? Why ...
Design of Steel Tanks
Design of Steel Tanks The steel tanks are defined as vessels made of steel plates. The steel tanks are either placed on ground or placed on towers. When the steel tanks are placed on ground, then, these are supported on ...