Portland Pozzolana cement is integrated cement which is formed by synthesising OPC cement with pozzolanic materials in a certain proportion. It is commonly known as PPC cement. In this article we discuss about the properties, manufacture, characteristics, advantages and disadvantages ...
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Types of High-Rise Buildings Structural Systems
A multistory building higher than 21m or 21 to 29 floor buildings with unknown height described as high-rise structure. Various structural systems are available to be used in the construction of high rise building. In this article, different types of ...
Methods to Monitor Crack Width Changes in Structures
Observing crack width changes is one of the techniques used to monitor structural damages due to ground movements, and there are several instruments used to monitor crack width changes. These instruments are discussed below. Methods to Monitor Crack Width Changes ...
12 Types of Loads Considered for Design of Bridge Structures
Various types of loads are considered for design of bridge structures. These loads and their combinations decides the safety of the bridge construction during its use under all circumstances. The design loads should be considered properly for perfect design of ...
Methods to Rectify Over Leaned Buildings and Structures
There are number of factors that cause the structure to excessively lean or settle. For example, liquefaction of soil beneath the foundation after earthquake occurrence, excavation, groundwater condition variation, poor soil bearing capacity, inappropriate foundation and construction defects. When a ...
Aesthetic Guidelines for Bridge Structures
If bridge structure has aesthetically pleasant appearance, it will contribute the improvement of city and landscape appearances. However, there are cases in which bridge structures deteriorates landscape due to its ugly appearances. That is why this article will shed light ...
Common Causes of Failures of Dam Structures
Dam structures are subjected to horizontal loading from the water head behind, the pressure from the water towards the dam materials, the neighboring geology as well as from the size of the reservoir. These features are unique in the case ...
Common Causes of Failure of Bridge Structures
Different modes of failures of bridge structures under different stages of load either man-made or natural cause, is necessary to develop strong and highly sustainable structures. Cause of Failure of Bridge Structures Bridges are vast and heavy structures whose design ...