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DevilAVRT
DevilAVRT

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Beginner

Derive the expression to find the distance and elevation of the object when the base of the object is inaccessible? Consider instruments and objects lies in the same vertical plane.

  1. AdityaBhandakkar

    AdityaBhandakkar

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    When the base of the object is inaccessible we use an indirect method of surveying. A tachometer is used to measure the distance between the two points with the use of an analytical lens. There are two methods Stadia method: In this method diaphragm of the tachometer are provided with two stadia haiRead more

    When the base of the object is inaccessible we use an indirect method of surveying.

    A tachometer is used to measure the distance between the two points with the use of an analytical lens. There are two methods

    1. Stadia method: In this method diaphragm of the tachometer are provided with two stadia hair .the difference between staff intercept gives stadia reading.
    2. Tangential Method: in this method, the tachometer is not provided with stadia hairs, the reading is taken by single horizontal hair.

    D=(f/L)S + (f + d)

    D=horizontal distance between tachometer and stadia rod.

    f/L = multiplying constant

    S= Staff Intercept

    Elevation formula:

    v = KSsin(2©)/2 + Ccos(2©)

    © = Theta= Angle of elevation or depression.

    K & C = Tachometric Constant

    substance method and tangential method is also used to find the elevation between two points.

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RaghavArora
RaghavArora

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Learner

What is difference between GIS and GPS?

  1. Abbas Khan Civil Engineer

    Abbas Khan Civil Engineer

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    Abbas Khan Civil Engineer Learner

    GIS is the software used to find capture, store, manipulate, analyze, and present all types of geographical data. The main purpose is to share the geographic location and other details of a specific point on the earth. It has multiple application in our daily lives especially in construction sectorsRead more

    GIS is the software used to find capture, store, manipulate, analyze, and present all types of geographical data. The main purpose is to share the geographic location and other details of a specific point on the earth. It has multiple application in our daily lives especially in construction sectors, flood control e.t.c

     

    While GPS is a global navigation satellite system that gives us time, velocity, location, etc,. The main objective is the accuracy in Position on the earth.GPS works through a technique called trilateration, which collects information to output the information.

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DevilAVRT
DevilAVRT

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Beginner

Explain in detail about closer bricks?

  1. AdityaBhandakkar

    AdityaBhandakkar

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    Explain in detail about closer bricks?

    Closer bricks: the brick is cut in such a way that one portion is kept remains with the break and used another part for closing the gap. Queen closer: the brakes are cut along the length for making two equal parts longitudinally called as Queen closer width of Queen closer brick is half of the origiRead more

    1. Closer bricks: the brick is cut in such a way that one portion is kept remains with the break and used another part for closing the gap.
    2. Queen closer: the brakes are cut along the length for making two equal parts longitudinally called as Queen closer width of Queen closer brick is half of the original brick called as half Queen closer.
    3. King closer: the brick is cut in such a technique that one end of brick width is half of the width of the original brick.
    4. Bevelled closer: in this break, the stretcher face is bevelled in such a way that at one end half-width and on another end, full width is maintained.
    5. Mitred closer: in this break, the one and it is cut in a mitred manner. That is a 45 to 60-degree angle with length. It is shown in the above diagram.
    6. BAT: if along the length, the brick is cut called as a bat.
    7. Half Bat: along the length, bricks are cut into two equal part.
    8. Three-quarter bat: length equal to 3 quarter of the full-length brick.
    9. Bevelled Bat: width is bevelled. As shown in fig.
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Himanshu joshi
Himanshu joshi

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What is the difference between ductile and malleable property of material?

  1. nikeetasharma

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    nikeetasharma Guru

    If we talk about malleability and ductility both are connected or related. A malleable material is one in which a thin sheet can be easily formed by hammering or rolling. In other words, the material has the ability to deform under compressive stress. And here ductility is the ability of the solid mRead more

    If we talk about malleability and ductility both are connected or related. A malleable material is one in which a thin sheet can be easily formed by hammering or rolling. In other words, the material has the ability to deform under compressive stress. And here ductility is the ability of the solid material to deform under tensile stress. Practically, a ductile material is a material that can easily be stretched into a wire when pulled.

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Tips_and_tricks
Tips_and_tricks

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What is meant by Theoretical Thickness in Concrete?

  1. nikeetasharma

    nikeetasharma

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    nikeetasharma Guru

    The thickness of the concrete cover measure is usually part of the concrete quality control in modern construction so as to ensure that the thickness of the concrete cover in conformity with the specifications. The process of measuring the thickness of the concrete cover in structures was noted by tRead more

    The thickness of the concrete cover measure is usually part of the concrete quality control in modern construction so as to ensure that the thickness of the concrete cover in conformity with the specifications. The process of measuring the thickness of the concrete cover in structures was noted by the beginning of the corrosion, as the lack of concrete cover thickness increased the corrosion rate for corrosion as a result of chlorides or carbonation, where it expedited the propagation inside the concrete, causing the speed of steel corrosion as well as the lack of cover helps the propagation of moisture and oxygen, which are form the main basis for the corrosion process.

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Nimesh Gajera
Nimesh Gajera

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How to derive the capacity of load-bearing piles?

  1. Preet Chovatiya

    Preet Chovatiya

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    Preet Chovatiya Learner

    The ultimate load bearing capacity for cohesive soil can be define by following formula: Where, Qu = Ultimate load capacity, kN Ap = Cross-sectional area of pile tip, in m2 Nc = Bearing capacity factor, may be taken as 9 ci = Average cohesion for the ith layer, in kN/m2 Asi = Surface area of pile shRead more

    The ultimate load bearing capacity for cohesive soil can be define by following formula:

    Where,

    Qu = Ultimate load capacity, kN

    Ap = Cross-sectional area of pile tip, in m2

    Nc = Bearing capacity factor, may be taken as 9

    ci = Average cohesion for the ith layer, in kN/m2

    Asi = Surface area of pile shaft in the ith layer, in m2

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luqmanidaham
luqmanidaham

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Hi, With regards to your article (link: https://test.theconstructor.org/geotechnical/soil-maximum-dry-density-optimum-moisture-content/18426/), what is the reference in standards. I done check with BS 1377:1990 Part 4 ; but there is no statement saying the range of optimum moisture content for different soil type. If your author ...

  1. Neenu S K

    Neenu S K

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    Neenu S K EDITOR

    The optimum moisture content of soil actually varies and a standard value for silt, clay, and sand is not strictly mentioned in most of the codes. The values mentioned in the article were based on the general laboratory test values based on Indian Standard Tests and Indian soil conditions. If my knoRead more

    The optimum moisture content of soil actually varies and a standard value for silt, clay, and sand is not strictly mentioned in most of the codes. The values mentioned in the article were based on the general laboratory test values based on Indian Standard Tests and Indian soil conditions.

    If my knowledge is right, we do mention the average moisture content value within a range.

    Thanks for your feedback and query

     

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Vivek Patel
Vivek Patel

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What is diffrence between retaining wall and breast wall?

  1. vivek gami

    vivek gami

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    vivek gami User

    Basic difference is retaining wall is designed to resist backfill earth pressure and breast wall is resist for natural earthen slope of hilly area In hill. When road is construct, at that time we need to cut-off some portion of hill and basically we construct two wall one is breast wall which is onRead more

    Basic difference is retaining wall is designed to resist backfill earth pressure and breast wall is resist for natural earthen slope of hilly area

    In hill. When road is construct, at that time we need to cut-off some portion of hill and basically we construct two wall one is breast wall which is on hill side of the road to give stability of hill slop and another one is retaining wall which is construct on valley side of road which wall have backfill pressure plus road pressure on backfill so we need to design retaining wall for that backfill & surcharge .

    See figure for different between retaining wall and breast wall.

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