Different types of forces acts on a dam structure such as water pressure, self weight, wave pressure etc. Determination of various forces which acts on the structure is the first step in the design of dams. These forces are considered ...
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ANALYSIS OF GRAVITY DAM
The stability of a dam can be analysed in the following steps: i. Consider unit length of the dam. ii. Work out the magnitude and dimensions of all the vertical forces acting on the dam and their algebraic sum, i.e. ...
COMPARISON BETWEEN CENTRIFUGAL & RECIPROCATING PUMPS:
Comparison between Centrifugal pumps and Reciprocating Pumps: Centrifugal pumps Reciprocating Pumps 1.The discharge is continuous and smooth 1.The discharging is fluctuating and pulsating 2.It can handle large quantity of liquid 2.handles small quantity of liquid 3.It is used for large ...
ESTIMATION OF EVAPOTRANSPIRATION
The hydrologic budget for a catchment in a given duration can be written as •This water budget can be used to estimate AET, if other terms are known or measured or estimated. Measurement of ET For a given type of ...
EVAPOTRANSPIRATION
Transpiration It is the process by which water (taken up by the plant from the soil through its root system) leaves the body of a living plant through the stomatal openings in its leaves and reaches the atmosphere as water ...
Evaporation and its Methods of Measurement
What is Evaporation and How it Occurs? Before rainfall reaches the outlet of a basin as runoff, certain demands of the catchment such as interception, depression storage and infiltration have to be met. Besides these, evaporation and transpiration processes transfer ...
PROBABLE MAXIMUM PRECIPITATION (PMP)
PROBABLE MAXIMUM PRECIPITATION (PMP) • PMP is used in the design of major hydraulic structures such as spillways in large dams • There appears to be a physical upper limit to the amount of precipitation that can occur over a ...
Mean Precipitation Calculation Over an Area
Mean Precipitation Calculation Over an Area Raingauge – does point sampling of the areal distribution of a storm Hydrological Analysis – requires information on rainfall over an area, say, over a catchment Methods used to convert point rainfall values at ...