Popular Questions

Home/Popular Questions/Page 50

Do you need to remove the ads? Become VIP Member

Discy Latest Questions

Asked: In:
jeremih
jeremih

jeremih

View Profile
User

hello, am requesting notes on photogrammetry, in surveying  kindly.

  1. nikeetasharma

    nikeetasharma

    View Profile
    nikeetasharma Guru

    PHOTOGRAMMETRIC IN SURVEY :- At first photogrammetry is the science and technology of obtaining reliable information about physical objects and the environment through the process of recording, measuring and interpreting photographic images and patterns of electromagnetic radiant imagery and other pRead more

    PHOTOGRAMMETRIC IN SURVEY :-

    At first photogrammetry is the science and technology of obtaining reliable information about physical objects and the environment through the process of recording, measuring and interpreting photographic images and patterns of electromagnetic radiant imagery and other phenomena.

    Here in surveying photogrammetric surveying or photogrammetry is the branch of the surveying in which maps are prepared from photo-graphs taken from ground or air stations. It is the making of precise measurements from photographs; the making of maps from photographs especially from aerial surveying. In this method, object are measured without being touched.

    -BROADLY PHOTOGRAMMETRY REQUIRES :-
    * Planning and taking photographs
    * Processing the photographs
    * Measuring the photographs and reducing the measurement to produce end results

    -FIELD APPLICATION OF PHOTOGRAMMETRY :-
    * Used to conduct topographical survey or engineering surveys
    * Suitable for mountainous and hilly terrain having little vegetation
    * Used for geological mapping which includes identification of land, forms, rock types and rock structures
    * Used in urban and regional planning applications

    See less
    • 0
Asked: In:
hbgtbt
hbgtbt

hbgtbt

View Profile
User

Good afternoon Folks:  If my foundation appears to move up when we get heavy rains and then back down when we have no rain for months – other than this being an irritant ; does this generally mean there is ...

  1. Komal Bhandakkar

    Komal Bhandakkar

    View Profile
    Komal Bhandakkar AUTHOR
    This answer was edited.

    The vertical movement in foundations is caused by : Either downwards movement of the wall or wall footing, when a wall footing sinks in soft soil. An up and down movement of the wall or wall footings such as when a wall is disturbed by frost in a freezing climate Expansive clay soils expand or shrinRead more

    The vertical movement in foundations is caused by :

    1. Either downwards movement of the wall or wall footing, when a wall footing sinks in soft soil.
    2. An up and down movement of the wall or wall footings such as when a wall is disturbed by frost in a freezing climate
    3. Expansive clay soils expand or shrink as their water content increases or decreases.

    Thank You.

    See less
    • 0
Asked: In:
Gopal Mishra
Gopal Mishra

Gopal Mishra

View Profile

I want to know the new practices in the field of planning, execution, quality in the construction sector.

  1. aviratdhodare

    aviratdhodare

    View Profile
    aviratdhodare

    It has been seen that it is very difficult to adopt any new innovations in Construction Industry especially in India. When we talk about Construction of Residential Buildings it has been observed that the the variation in cost could be matter a lot. When final estimation sanctioned and at the time oRead more

    It has been seen that it is very difficult to adopt any new innovations in Construction Industry especially in India.

    When we talk about Construction of Residential Buildings it has been observed that the the variation in cost could be matter a lot. When final estimation sanctioned and at the time of execution it seen that 3 factors affect this capital :

    1. MATERIAL ( Variation of cost would be 55 to 65%)
    2. MANPOWER ( Variation of cost would be 25 to 35%)
    3. EQUIPMENT ( Variation of cost would be 10 to 15%)

    Note: Above is the condition in case of Residential Buildings only.

    This suggests that every project needs a Good Decision.

    Suppose, if you have :

    1. Sufficient Captial for Project.
    2. Sufficient Space for equipments etc.
    3. But there is Time constraints.

    Now the Question is what method of formwork Do You Use? To complete your project.

    Now a days less number of companies Using Mivan Formwork. It comes from Malaysian Company.

    Is this Case we can use this method. This is method you can cast one floor at a time as single unit. Less thickness of Concrete wall made that increases the carpet area. It is made of Aluminum so obviously it is less weight and easy to handle and in this method there is no wastage of materials, this formwork made a air tight casement so no league of concrete is possible.

    So, what i thought, in India, near in 2 to 3 years every company will adopt this technique.

    Edit 1: Someone are thinking that it a Old technique. My simple Question is that Is there any company in India presently using Robotic Technology or Nano Technology ? As both are invented before independence only. Just read my first sentence of this answer and comment accordingly.

    Edit 2: Just think Which formwork is best and why? If you have 3 options Timber Formwork, Steel Formwork and Aluminum Formwork. Now, when i said Aluminum Formwork, so is it that Aluminum Formwork is nothing but Mivan Formwork?

    Note: Every Mivan is a Aluminum formwork but every Aluminum Formwork is not Mivan.

    Right from Rotating towers (Dynamic tower-Bubai) to self reparing roads (in a villageIndia-Developed by ) Hyperloop there are many innovations coming up day by day.

    As many friends have discussed few topics above. I would like to share what latest technologies / innovations being implemented in my surroundings.

    As a part of Junctions development few grade seperateors are proposed in Hyderabad city.

    Construction methodology followed at one of the locations is first of its kind in Hyderabad .

    Only the foundations are cast-in-suit and rest all are brought – placed & pre stressed in stages for speed up in construction .

    At few other places steel piers and girders are proposed.

    => Precast building construction is growing up rapidly.

    => Box pushing methods for underpass / RUB

    construction .

    => Aerocon ACC blocks -super strong & light weight for fast and easy construction used by many developers.

    These are few things on construction side.

    Coming to software’s with latest technologies/Innovations in Civil 3D …etc..

    All the designs i.e. alignment design , structure design etc…can be done in one go as per exactly integration with Google maps.

    What ever latest technologies/innovations came or coming. Olden techniques are always mind grabbing and beyond the imaginations.

    Civil engineering rocks…

    1. New Emergent Materials. These materials can be “grown” as opposed to built. They posses properties that react to certain to certain conditions that make them change. While some of these are still in very early development and others not yet in production, when they do become available, how will our industry change when a structure can grow itself with pre programmed instructions for perfect engineering.

    2. Generative Design- the ability of a computer to create an architectural or engineering design without Human Intervention. Its “fed” data from 1000s of previous design projects and uses that to optomize and create “its” own.

    3. Laser Scanning Point Clouds- A laser or a multiple photographs is used to create a 3D mapp of a structure or surface. This blows away traditional surveying.

    4. 3D Printing- Additive Manufacturing that produces products by extruding material layer by layer. Entire buildings have been produced this way.

    5. Robotic Prefabrication- Robots enable the production of a structures parts in pieces within controlled enviorment factories. Components are produced and assembled and than delivered on the sight for drop in place finish. This dramatically reduces labor and schedule.

    • Building Information Modelling (BIM)
    • Cloud And Mobile Technology
    • Drones Or Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs)
    • Virtual Reality
    • Augmented Reality
    • 3D Printing
    • Artificial Intelligence
    • Robotics
    • Exoskeletons
    • The Connected Jobsite
    • Autonomous Vehicles
    • Advanced Materials
    • The Intelligent Built Environment
    • Machine Learning
    • Prefabrications
    • Predictive Analytics
    • Construction Software And Data Ecosystem
    • Self Healing Concrete
    • Advance Uses Of GPS
    • New Effective Scanning Solutions
    • Timber Constructions
    • Wearable Technology
    • Smart Building
    • Modular Construction And 3D Printed Dwellings
    • Smart Buildings
    • Connected Homes
    • Home Analytics
    See less
    • 34
Asked: In:
Anitha
Anitha

Anitha

View Profile
User

Explain the various factors that help decide the number and depth of boreholes required for subsoil investigation

  1. Rohan

    Rohan

    View Profile
    Rohan User

    When the depth and position of exploration are selected one has to comply with the following guidelines: • Points of exploration have to be distributed in such a way that foundation soil layering can be determined across the location • Points of exploration for a building or structure have to be posRead more

    When the depth and position of exploration are selected one has to comply with the following guidelines:

    • Points of exploration have to be distributed in such a way that foundation soil layering can be determined across the location
    • Points of exploration for a building or structure have to be positioned on the critical point of the structure in relation to shape, behavior and expected load transfer of the structure
    • For route structures, points of exploration have to be distributed on appropriate distances from the central line, depending on a total width of structure such as the width of embankment or width of a cut
    • For structures on slopes and cuts (including excavations) or in their vicinity, points of exploration have to also be distributed outside the design area and positioned so that the slope or excavation stability can be determined; if anchors are foreseen one has to take into account probable stresses in the vicinity of their load transfer area
    • Points of exploration have to be distributed so that they pose no danger for structures, construction works or the environment
    • The considered area has to stretch into the neighboring location. The length has to cover the expected negative influence in that location.
    • For points of underground water measurement, one has to take into account the possibility of usage, after the initial positioning, for the continuance of measurement during and after construction.

    If the conditions in the foundation soil are relatively equal or it is known that the foundation soil has satisfying stiffness and strength, less exploration point can be foreseen or they can be on bigger distances. In any case, that kind of selection has to be justified by experience.

    If structures are built on layers that satisfy stiffness and strength, depth of exploration can be reduced to za = 2,0 m unless equal geological conditions when at least one borehole should reach the depth of za = 5,0 m. If the bedrock is located on a depth that matches the foreseen base of the structure, that depth has to be taken as a referent point za. Otherwise, za is referred to as the solid bedrock.

    See less
    • 2
Asked: In:
kiruba karan
kiruba karan

kiruba karan

View Profile
User

I want to know how to monitor and carry out inspection of the chemical jet grouting process at the construction site?

  1. Komal Bhandakkar

    Komal Bhandakkar

    View Profile
    Komal Bhandakkar AUTHOR
    This answer was edited.
    How to Inspect and Monitor Chemical Jet Grouting Process?

    Jet grouting process: Jet grouting was first introduced by Pilots terraces S.A. in the year 2010 and in 2011, the first project using jet columns was constructed. Applications: Soil capacity improvement Settlement control Reduction of soil permeability Other environmental applications Underpinning eRead more

    Jet grouting process:

    Jet grouting was first introduced by Pilots terraces S.A. in the year 2010 and in 2011, the first project using jet columns was constructed.

    Applications:

    • Soil capacity improvement
    • Settlement control
    • Reduction of soil permeability
    • Other environmental applications
    • Underpinning existing Foundation
    • Ground improvement
    • Lateral support excavations
    • Hydraulic barriers
    • Slope stabilization
    • Liquefaction control

    The treat grouting is one of the most demanding soil improvement technique and requires excellence in designing and execution engineers and involved specialist.

    The field test allows selecting the most effective execution parameters and verifies that the final product with its design properties.

    Thank You.

    See less
    • 20
Asked: In:
vivek gami
vivek gami

vivek gami

View Profile
User

What is the substitute frame method in structural design?

  1. AdityaBhandakkar

    AdityaBhandakkar

    View Profile
    AdityaBhandakkar User

    Hi, Substitute frame method is used for the analysis of complex structure I.e multi-storeyed building because analysis of multi-story building is very complicated and long calculations needed. Substitute frame method used for sudden analysis and gives approximate values. The moment distribution methRead more

    Hi,

    Substitute frame method is used for the analysis of complex structure I.e multi-storeyed building because analysis of multi-story building is very complicated and long calculations needed. Substitute frame method used for sudden analysis and gives approximate values.

    The moment distribution method is used for the analysis of applied loads on the structure in the substitute frame method. This method is generally used to determine the vertical loads and horizontal loads. Vertical load is a combination of live load and dead loads

    This method is applied only or vertical loads.

    Dead loads include self-weight of slab column and beams which is analysed in substitute frame method.

    In this method, the beams which are at floor level as well as the columns above the floor and below which are situated at the fixed far end will be e analysed. In some cases the bending moment is not distributed over the far end, thus the moment is computed independently at each floor and retained on that floor for further analysis.

    See less
    • 43
Asked: In:
fathima
fathima

fathima

View Profile
Beginner

Can quarry dust be replaced with sand in concrete?

  1. Komal Bhandakkar

    Komal Bhandakkar

    View Profile
    Komal Bhandakkar AUTHOR
    Can quarry dust be replaced with sand in concrete?

    Yes, correct. Sand can be replaced by Quarry dust without any problem. Based on several references, I concluded that sand can be replaced by Quarry dust without highly compromising its durability property. By the experimental investigation, 40% replacement of sand with Quarry dust shows maximum compRead more

    Yes, correct.

    Sand can be replaced by Quarry dust without any problem.

    • Based on several references, I concluded that sand can be replaced by Quarry dust without highly compromising its durability property.
    • By the experimental investigation, 40% replacement of sand with Quarry dust shows maximum compressive strength and later on, it will decrease after increasing percentage of Quarry Dust in the sand.
    • Workability of concrete decreases as increasing the percentage of Quarry dust
    • Quarry dust is Waste. If we use quarry dust as a replacement of sand, then waste will ultimately reduce.
    See less
    • 45
Asked: In:
civil sons
civil sons

civil sons

View Profile
User

What are the Primary and secondary load-bearing structures of high-rise concrete buildings? Bracing against the lateral load of wind and earthquake

  1. aviratdhodare

    aviratdhodare

    View Profile
    aviratdhodare

    Walls, beams, columns, foundations etc can be called as primary or main load bearing components of a concrete building. Examples of secondary load bearing structures would be the lintels in masonry walls, the shelf angles that support finishes when they span over a window or other opening and there Read more

    Walls, beams, columns, foundations etc can be called as primary or main load bearing components of a concrete building.

    Examples of secondary load bearing structures would be the lintels in masonry walls, the shelf angles that support finishes when they span over a window or other opening and there are other odd and ends that provide support or stabilization such as cross bracing in steel bar joist or structural elements used during the construction of the building.

    See less
    • 34
Load More Questions