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Hi sir, I am a intern student at AFCON. and also doing final year degree from Maharashtra.
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How to repair the damaged beams and walls in load-bearing construction as shown in the images below. As seen in the picture, the structure has been broken to make way for drain pipes.
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There are certain methods to remove the delaminated concrete, and then formwork is to be fixe. After that, the application of repair material like a dry pack, and wet pack, shotcrete, is carried out if reinforcement is not removed while fixing the pipe. You can try one other method also, by fixing pRead more
There are certain methods to remove the delaminated concrete, and then formwork is to be fixe. After that, the application of repair material like a dry pack, and wet pack, shotcrete, is carried out if reinforcement is not removed while fixing the pipe.
You can try one other method also, by fixing plate bonding in the beam on the bottom to enhance the flexural strength, you will have to rest the plate on the bricks, and for that, you will have to remove the top layer of the brick. You also may need to provide scaffolding if you are altering the load-bearing wall. As it is a load-bearing structure, if any alteration is done in the load-bearing wall, it should be done with the consultation of a structural engineer.
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How to calculate the quantity of water for a given mix concrete. As it would be required to calculate for mix 1:2:4.
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As we know 1:2:4 ratio is for M15 concrete. Generally Water quantity is calculated as per below formula: Water Quantity=W/C ratio*Cement Quantity Generally W/C ratio is lays between 0.4 to 0.6 as per IS 10262(2009). Now first we have to assume cement quantity, so let's assume cement quantity=50 KG aRead more
As we know 1:2:4 ratio is for M15 concrete. Generally Water quantity is calculated as per below formula:
Water Quantity=W/C ratio*Cement Quantity
Generally W/C ratio is lays between 0.4 to 0.6 as per IS 10262(2009).
Now first we have to assume cement quantity, so let’s assume cement quantity=50 KG and W/C ratio=0.5
Now let’s calculate water quantity for 50 KG cement.
Water Quantity=0.5*50=25 liter.
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Require the details about drop caisson
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This answer was edited.
A caisson is a word that is borrowed from French caisson, which means a large box. It is related to geotechnical engineering. It is a watertight retaining structure used, for example, to work on the foundations of the bridge pier, for the construction of concrete dams or the repair of ships. It is aRead more
A caisson is a word that is borrowed from French caisson, which means a large box. It is related to geotechnical engineering. It is a watertight retaining structure used, for example, to work on the foundations of the bridge pier, for the construction of concrete dams or the repair of ships. It is a relatively sizeable deep foundation and is a permanent structure and part of the substructure.
Types of Caisson ;
There are four main types of the caisson, they are;
- Box caisson: Box caisson is a prefabricated concrete box that is set down on prepared basses. It is a robust watertight vessel open at the top and closed at the bottom and made of timber, steel, or RCC. Box caisson is built on land, cured, and then float or launched to the pier site where it is placed in position. Mainly it is used for shallow depth and lightweight.
- Open caisson: It is similar to box caisson, except that it does not have a bottom face and consists of vertical walls. Open caisson is suitable for soft clays, but cannot be used where there are large obstructions in the ground.
- Monolithic caisson: This caisson is more extensive than other types of the caisson but similar to open caissons. These types of caisson are often found in quay walls, where resistance to impact from ships is required.
- Pneumatic caisson: These caissons are sometimes called pressurized caissons, which penetrate soft mud. These are closed at the top and open (during construction) at the bottom. The water is excluded from the caisson chamber using compressed air.
Materials used for Caissons;
- RCC
- STEEL
- TIMBER
- CAST IRON
USES :
- It transfers the load of the structure to the hard strata.
- They are also used to install hydraulic elevators where a single-stage ram is installed below the ground level.
- It is used to provide access to a deep shaft or tunnel.
- They are used as a waterproof core wall of the earth dam.
What are Various properties and optimization of alkali activated fly ash?
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Properties of alkali-activated fly ash : I studied different research papers based on the above topic and I concluded that : The mortar and concrete made with Portland cement, free activated fly ash develop a highest mechanical strength Less time required to gain enough strength It has a moderate mRead more
Properties of alkali-activated fly ash :
I studied different research papers based on the above topic and I concluded that :
- The mortar and concrete made with Portland cement, free activated fly ash develop a highest mechanical strength
- Less time required to gain enough strength
- It has a moderate modulus of elasticity
- Better Bond formation of Steel reinforcement
- Its shrinkage capacity is very less as compared to ordinary Portland cement concrete
Optimisation of alkali-activated fly ash :
- Actually conductive alkali-activated Ash is formed using carbon fibres
- Optimisation of alkali-activated fly ash is done when we use 0.3% Carbon fibre content 25 to 30 per cent ceramsite content and 70% slag content
Thank you.
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I want to know minimum time required for finishing activities because I want to schedule a residential project in msproject
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This answer was edited.
The most average time to build a multi family house which varies the number of units in a building. In 2014 building the twenty or more units took near about 15 months to complete from the time of obtaining permits. And properties with 10 to 19 units physically finished in 13.6 months whereas 5 to 9Read more
The most average time to build a multi family house which varies the number of units in a building.
In 2014 building the twenty or more units took near about 15 months to complete from the time of obtaining permits. And properties with 10 to 19 units physically finished in 13.6 months whereas 5 to 9 unit building came in at 11.5 months.
The average time from permits to start does not follow the same pattern with respect to property size. Properties with 10 to 19 units had the longest average waiting period.
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At what reading of pressure gauge the GI fitting of kitchen and bathroom should be tested?
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Minimum pressure gauge for galvanized iron testing : Minimum yield strength of finished top tube should be 50000 psi Minimum tensile strength for the finished tube shall be 55000 psi The mechanical property of the finished surface of the cube is mainly depended upon the tube size and gauge. GenerallRead more
Minimum pressure gauge for galvanized iron testing :
- Minimum yield strength of finished top tube should be 50000 psi
- Minimum tensile strength for the finished tube shall be 55000 psi
- The mechanical property of the finished surface of the cube is mainly depended upon the tube size and gauge.
- Generally galvanized iron pipes are used for the distribution of treated as well as raw water in rural and urban areas
- Such type of pipes are very cheaper and its weight is very very light so that it can handle anywhere.
- The tensile strength of galvanized iron pipe shall be at least 320 Newton per mm square.
- The test shall be carried out on full section cut from the selected tubes in accordance with IS1608 and IS 12278
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Hi,sir. I am a civil engineering student from Maharashtra . I done many online course from iit through NPTEL . I also done AutoCAD ,staad.pro,blender. I got idea of this website from my IIT lecturer.
Hi,sir.
I am a civil engineering student from Maharashtra . I done many online course from iit through NPTEL .
I also done AutoCAD ,staad.pro,blender.
I got idea of this website from my IIT lecturer.
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