Structural Engineering
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Which pressure us higher in retaining wall, water or soil?
Vivek Patel
The pressure of water is higher act on retaining wall because that water doesn't have any active or passive coefficient, so total pressure of water act = (0.5)* unit weight *height^2 In soil pressure Total soil pressure on retaining wall is =(0.5)*k*unit weight of soil *height^2 In that term,Read more
The pressure of water is higher act on retaining wall because that water doesn’t have any active or passive coefficient, so total pressure of water act = (0.5)* unit weight *height^2
In soil pressure
Total soil pressure on retaining wall is =(0.5)*k*unit weight of soil *height^2
In that term, k = active or passive coefficient.
K active = (1-sin∅)/(1+sin∅)
K passive = (1+sin∅)/(1-sin∅)
So most of the case that is active pressure active on soil.
In active pressure it is less than water pressure
And in passive state soil pressure is higher than water pressure
See lessWhat is effect of steel and aluminium, if we use it as reinforcement in structure?
vivek gami
Both have different properties & a separate cost which describes below. steel As compared aluminium,steel have less corrosion resistance Steel are chiper than aluminium Steel give lesser malleability and elastic properties than aluminium In weight steel have higher weight Steel is tough & haRead more
Both have different properties & a separate cost which describes below.
steel
Aluminum
We are generally use steel as a reinforcement.
We doesn’t use aluminium because of soft metal property
See lessWhat is diffrence between retaining wall and breast wall?
DevilAVRT
[1] Breast wall and Retaining wall structure remain off to ensure a new cut or old surface of a characteristic slope face. [2] Breast wall and Retaining wall structure forestall of slope slides under the activity of climate and downpour water streaming over slopes slope. Retaining divider is given tRead more
[1] Breast wall and Retaining wall structure remain off to ensure a new cut or old surface of a characteristic slope face.
[2] Breast wall and Retaining wall structure forestall of slope slides under the activity of climate and downpour water streaming over slopes slope. Retaining divider is given to the drawback of the street while bosom divider tough roadside in the uneven region.
[3] Impact of snow, avalanches, landslides, and overcharge are not considered in the structure of the Breast wall, while in the Retaining wall, each one of those components is thought of.
[4] Height of Breast wall will not surpass 3 meters,s, and for retaining wall, we didn’t have such sort of standards.
[5] Breast wall is not required to be built where back mass involves shakes or stable layers store of soil mass, and for securing the precarious soil mass, we need retaining wall.
[6] Retaining wall utilized for help counterfeit cutting or incline while breast wall used to help normal slope.
[7] Design of retaining wall fit to oppose elevate pressure power and hydro static weight for created while breast wall is utilized to move the load.
See lessWhat is substitute frame method in structural design?
Preet Chovatiya
As we know that the analysis of the multi-story building is consists of very complex loading calculations and time-consuming. So for approximate and quick analysis, the Subsitute method is used for analysis. This method is used only for vertical loading conditions. The moments in the beam are assumeRead more
As we know that the analysis of the multi-story building is consists of very complex loading calculations and time-consuming. So for approximate and quick analysis, the Subsitute method is used for analysis.
This method is used only for vertical loading conditions. The moments in the beam are assumed that are influenced by the loading on that floor alone.
In this method, we are dividing the whole multi-story building frame into a smaller frame, which is called an equivalent frame or substitute frame. These subframes are analyzing by the Moment Distribution Method.
See lessWhich Types of load acting on INTZE type elevated water tank ?
Preet Chovatiya
For design roof slab the following load considers during the design of the Intze tank. 1. Self-weight of slab For design bottom slab the following load acting on the bottom slab is. 1. Weight of wall of the tank 2. Weight of roof slab 3. Self-weight of the bottom slab 4. Weight of water For design bRead more
For design roof slab the following load considers during the design of the Intze tank.
1. Self-weight of slab
For design bottom slab the following load acting on the bottom slab is.
1. Weight of wall of the tank
2. Weight of roof slab
3. Self-weight of the bottom slab
4. Weight of water
For design beam the following loads calculate.
1. Self-weight of beam
2. Weight of slabs
3. Floor finish or live load
See lessHow to calculate stiffness of storey to avoid soft storey?
Kuldeep Singh
Avoid soft storey? A soft storey is a storey with lateral stiffness less than the storey just above. So technically, you cannot avoid soft storey just by calculation. Right? Well, according to the new code for seismic design, IS 1893 Part I (2016), infill masonry walls in soft storeys of RC buildingRead more
Avoid soft storey? A soft storey is a storey with lateral stiffness less than the storey just above. So technically, you cannot avoid soft storey just by calculation. Right?
Well, according to the new code for seismic design, IS 1893 Part I (2016), infill masonry walls in soft storeys of RC buildings can be modeled as diagonal struts to contribute to lateral stiffness.Though this doesn’t guarantee that the resulting storey stiffness with the contribution of infill walls, will be greater than that of the storey above.
Method :
[Note : Even after reading the answer please do refer to table 6, fig. 4 and section 7.9 of IS 1893 Part I (2016) for two formulae mentioned above and a clearer understanding of the method in detail.]
See lessWhat is Web Crippling in Steel ?
Ancy Joby
Webs of rolled section are subjected to large amount of stresses just below concentrated loads and above reactions from support. Stress concentration occurs at junction of web and flange. As a result, large bearing stresses are developed below concentrated load. Consequently, the web near portion ofRead more
Webs of rolled section are subjected to large amount of stresses just below concentrated loads and above reactions from support. Stress concentration occurs at junction of web and flange. As a result, large bearing stresses are developed below concentrated load. Consequently, the web near portion of stress concentration tends to fold over flange. This type of local buckling phenomenon is called crippling or crippling of web.
See lessUnder what situation shall engineers use jacking at one end only and from both ends in prestressing work?
Kuldeep Singh
Jacking at one end only during prestressing induces a higher amount of frictional losses as compared to jacking at both ends although prestressing forces are the same. So, jacking at both ends (half the number of tendons at each) is generally preferable. Often, cost of prestressing remains the decidRead more
Jacking at one end only during prestressing induces a higher amount of frictional losses as compared to jacking at both ends although prestressing forces are the same. So, jacking at both ends (half the number of tendons at each) is generally preferable. Often, cost of prestressing remains the deciding factor.
Jacking at one end is done in the following situations :
Jacking at both ends is done when :
- Symmetric distribution is strictly desired.
- Cost is not the deciding factor.
- Frictional losses have to be minimized.
See less