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What is the difference between Lumpsum and Provisional Sum?
DevilAVRT
Lumpsum A lumpsum contract (or specified total agreement) is the customary method for acquiring development and still the most well-known type of development contract. Under a singular amount contract, a solitary 'single amount' cost for all the works has concurred before the works start. This is coRead more
Lumpsum
A lumpsum contract (or specified total agreement) is the customary method for acquiring development and still the most well-known type of development contract. Under a singular amount contract, a solitary ‘single amount’ cost for all the works has concurred before the works start. This is commonly fitting where the venture is very much characterized, when tenders are looked for, and noteworthy changes to necessities are impossible. This implies the temporary worker can precisely value the works they are being approached to complete. Lumpsum contracts may be less suitable where speed is significant, or where the idea of the works isn’t very much characterized. Different types of agreement that may be increasingly suitable in such conditions incorporate estimation contracts (utilized where the works can be depicted in sensible detail, yet the sum can’t), cost repayment contracts (utilized where the idea of the works can’t be appropriately characterized at the beginning, frequently utilized where a prompt beginning nearby is required), target cost contracts, etc.
Focal points of lumpsum contracts:
Impediments of lumpsum contracts:
Provisional Sum
The term ‘provisional sum’ is commonly surely known in the development business. It is utilized in valuing development agreements to allude either to work which is really temporary, as in it could conceivably be done by any means, or to work whose substance is unclear, with the goal that the gatherings choose not to attempt to value it precisely when they go into their agreement. A provisional sum is typically included as a round figure surmise. It is incorporated scientifically in the first agreement cost; however, the gatherings don’t anticipate that the underlying round figure should be paid without modification. The agreement normally gives explicitly how it is to be managed. A typical statement in substance accommodates the temporary whole to be discarded, and a fitting valuation of the work really did to be fill in for it. In this general sense, the term ‘temporary aggregate’ is near a term of workmanship, yet its exact significance and impact rely upon the conditions of the individual agreement.
See lessWhat is spirit leveling in survey work?
Preet Chovatiya
Spirit Levelling is an old method and exact method to obtain data for small land area, and generally, it is used for roads, railway tracks, and canal work. In this method, the spirit level is used to determine the horizontal plane to measure a height difference above and below that horizontal plane.Read more
Spirit Levelling is an old method and exact method to obtain data for small land area, and generally, it is used for roads, railway tracks, and canal work.
In this method, the spirit level is used to determine the horizontal plane to measure a height difference above and below that horizontal plane. You can understand better from the below figure.
See lessExplain various types of Roof covering materials?
Preet Chovatiya
There are lot of roof covering material that can be used are listed below: Metal roofing Solar roofing Asphalt shingles roofing Stone coated steel roofing Clay or concrete tiles Rubber slat roofing Built up roofing
There are lot of roof covering material that can be used are listed below:
- Metal roofing
- Solar roofing
- Asphalt shingles roofing
- Stone coated steel roofing
- Clay or concrete tiles
- Rubber slat roofing
- Built up roofing
See lessWhat are the quick tests to check the quality of material on site?
Preet Chovatiya
For cement, if you want to quickly test on-site, then you have to check the following things for good cement. It should be greenish powder type no lumps should be there. It should be cold upon touch For other material like steel, formwork you can check the physically and check for damage if availablRead more
For cement, if you want to quickly test on-site, then you have to check the following things for good cement.
For other material like steel, formwork you can check the physically and check for damage if available then I recommend to not to use.
See lessWhy are Concrete roads preferred over Asphalt Road?
Preet Chovatiya
The concrete roads are preferred over asphalt road because Concrete roads are long-lasting around the 20-40 year lifespan. It is also recycled after crushing into gravels, so It cost nothing or very little cost. It creates less environmental pollution than an asphalt road. High load and pressure resRead more
The concrete roads are preferred over asphalt road because Concrete roads are long-lasting around the 20-40 year lifespan.
It is also recycled after crushing into gravels, so It cost nothing or very little cost.
It creates less environmental pollution than an asphalt road.
High load and pressure resistance.
See lessWhy are fly ash bricks not used so frequently as compared to red bricks?
Kuldeep Singh
There is no doubt that in comparison with red bricks, fly ash bricks are structurally stronger, more durable, better insulators, water-resistant, etc. But not using them so usually has, especially in India, a whole lot of reasons : Firstly, though fly ash bricks save the cost of the project as a whoRead more
There is no doubt that in comparison with red bricks, fly ash bricks are structurally stronger, more durable, better insulators, water-resistant, etc. But not using them so usually has, especially in India, a whole lot of reasons :
Firstly, though fly ash bricks save the cost of the project as a whole, they are still more expensive than red bricks, and the poor majority doesn’t like the idea. Secondly, flay ash bricks are not easily available everywhere, and red bricks are. Getting fly ash bricks transported adds to their cost, which already was higher.
Thirdly, only modular sizes are feasible. Larger bricks are very brittle. The outer surface is harder as compared to the inner core, which can lead to cracking in the future if a few bricks are cut out to allow running of pipes, wiring, etc.
Fourthly, laborers aren’t very familiar here with fly ash. Many builders, therefore, consider it a bad choice.
Fifthly, fly ash bricks buildings get quite cold in winter since it doesn’t absorb much heat.
Sixthly, fly ash bricks are only good if care for quality in production has been taken.
Seventhly, they require cement to be produced, increasing the demand for cement. Cement production, in turn, is not environment-friendly.
Lastly, fly ash is a health hazard. It has got substances that can reach in and stick in your lungs, causing long term damage. Crystalline silica, a component in fly ash, is a known carcinogen.
See lessWhich is best material for G+12 building, RCC or Composite of RCC & Steel?
Kuldeep Singh
Short answer : Composite. Composite structures are generally preferred for buildings with at least ten floors when looked upon from a cost point of view. But just generalizing this would be too vague. A lot should depend on the particular project at hand. Though, composite wins hands down in terms oRead more
Short answer : Composite. Composite structures are generally preferred for buildings with at least ten floors when looked upon from a cost point of view. But just generalizing this would be too vague. A lot should depend on the particular project at hand. Though, composite wins hands down in terms of project completion time.
Long answer : You can do a short analysis yourself. Since a slight difference in cost can also be an important factor, one can do some calculations by first modeling the building in ETABS or SAP. Then, you can calculate the quantity of materials needed for both approaches. You can multiply by the rates to get your material cost. Usually, composite beams and slabs are cut cheaper than RCC, and the columns are at par in both the methods. Then, you can use project time calculation software and henceforth deduce labor, machinery, electricity costs, etc. Also, composite buildings save both time and material on foundations. You can add up to find out simple total costs. If the difference is huge, you need not care about miscellaneous costs generalizing them to come within the difference, and you have your cheaper method.
I once read that for a simple B+G+20 tower, the composite method must take only 45% the time and around 80% of the materials as compared to the RCC method. The paper had carried out an exhaustive cost analysis, as mentioned above.
See lessWhat is the difference between capping beams and ground beams for pile?
Soumyadeep Halder
first, we have to understand what is that two-term Capping beam The Capping beam is a steel, and a concrete beam that ties all the piling together creates the foundation for the suspended slab and helps to hold the earth and neighboring houses back. The steel reinforcement bars are placed over the tRead more
first, we have to understand what is that two-term
Capping beam
The Capping beam is a steel, and a concrete beam that ties all the piling together creates the foundation for the suspended slab and helps to hold the earth and neighboring houses back.
The steel reinforcement bars are placed over the top of the piling cages with legs designed to the engineer’s specs.
Ground Beam
The Ground Beam is the beam, which is provided usually at the foundation level to support building walls, joists, etc. Typically the ground beams are directly rested on the ground, sometimes they can be supported by end piers
now talk about difference
Capping beams for piles aim at transferring loads from closely spaced columns or walls into a row of piles.
On the other hand, ground beams are beams provided between adjacent pile caps, and they perform as compression struts or ties in an attempt to prevent lateral displacement or buckling of piles under the uneven distribution of loads on pile caps.
Both of them have to be specially designed to cater to differential settlement of piles.
Capping beam performs the same functions as pile caps.
However, ground beams are structural elements to connect adjacent pile caps to improve the stability of the foundation.
See less