There are many advantages of using plastic formwork over wooden formwork but the main advantage is we can handle plastic formwork very easily rather than handling wooden formwork because plastic formwork has light weight. Also plastic formwork is good resistant against water. And any type of complex shaped structures can be prepared easily.

The schedule of rates provides a basic frame work to evaluate cost estimate of the projects. In the process of project costing based on this schedule of rates, the additional cost involved in carriage of materials from approved sources to site of work shall be added to arrive at the actual execution cost.

Central Public Works Department publishes SOR.

Compaction test of soil is carried out using Proctor’s test for understanding the compaction characteristics of different soils with change in moisture content. The ability for compacting a soil depends on the water content of the soil. Thus, water acts as a lubricant between the soil grains however as its content increases the water may occupy the entire pores. Since it is relatively incompressible in comparison to the air it may restrict compaction. Proctor compaction test is used to determine the optimum moisture content during compaction which gives the greatest soil density.