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GEOVIN
GEOVIN

GEOVIN

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Well, I have a pretty sill question, I want to start a construction project which deals with construction of different kinds of bricks which are Silicate  meaning sand and lime, What I want is to have the knowledge of how to ...

  1. aviratdhodare

    aviratdhodare

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    aviratdhodare

    Sand lime bricks: These are very strong & hard bricks. Sand for these should be coarse (but not very coarse), clean, free from salts or organic matter, with grains of assorted sizes, & well graded so as to have min voids. Lime to be well burnt, free from ashes. It should be a high calcium liRead more

    Sand lime bricks:

    These are very strong & hard bricks. Sand for these should be coarse (but not very coarse), clean, free from salts or organic matter, with grains of assorted sizes, & well graded so as to have min voids. Lime to be well burnt, free from ashes. It should be a high calcium lime, containing 90-90% of Cal. oxide & not more than 0.5% of magnesium oxide & filled in moulds. The moulded bricks are then placed for hardening in a closed cylinder called Autoclave for 10 hrs. Generally, the bricks are moulded by day & left over night to harden. The lime is slaked & intimately mixed with sand in proportion of 4-10%. Sand-lime bricks are much stronger than clay bricks & are uniform in color & texture.

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poojan
poojan

poojan

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Which are the methods or reference codes for the casting of precast piers for metro construction particularly?

  1. AdityaBhandakkar

    AdityaBhandakkar

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    AdityaBhandakkar User
    This answer was edited.

    Hi, Following are some Codes used in Pune metro constructions(INDIA). IRS IRC IS AASHTO Indian Railway Standards(IRS) IRS - Bridge Rules for loading (Min. of Railway) IRS - Code of practice for Steel bridges. IRS - Code of practice for plain, reinforcement and prestressed concrete for general BridgeRead more

    Hi, Following are some Codes used in Pune metro constructions(INDIA).

    1. IRS
    2. IRC
    3. IS
    4. AASHTO

    Indian Railway Standards(IRS)

    IRS – Bridge Rules for loading (Min. of Railway)

    IRS – Code of practice for Steel bridges.

    IRS – Code of practice for plain, reinforcement and prestressed concrete for general Bridge construction, latest revision.

    IRS – Code of practice for the design of substructures and foundation of bridges. Indian Roads Congress (IRC) Standards (with Latest Revisions, Addendum &Corrections) IRC 5: 1985 Standard Specifications and Code of Practice for Road Bridges, Section I – General Features ofDesign IRC 6: 2000 Standard Specifications and Code of Practice for Road Bridges, Section II – Loads and Stresses IRC 10: 1961 Recommended Practice for Borrow pits for Road Embankments Constructed by ManualOperation IRC 18: 1985 Design Criteria for Prestressed Concrete Road Bridges (PostTensioned Concrete) IRC 19: 1977 Standard Specifications and Code of Practice for Water BoundMacadam IRC 21: 1987 Standard Specifications and Code of Practice for Road Bridges Section III – Cement Concrete (Plain and reinforced) IRC 22: 1986 Standard Specifications and Code of Practice for Road Bridges, Section VI – Composite Construction for RoadBridges IRC 24: 1967 Standard Specifications and Code of practice for Road Bridges, Section V – Steel Road Bridges IRC 36: 1970 Recommended Practice for the Construction of Earth Embankments for Road Works IRC 37: 1984 Guidelines for the Design of FlexiblePavement IRC 45: 1972 Recommendations for Estimating the Resistance of Soil below the maximum Scour Level in the Design of Well Foundations ofBridges IRC 48: 1972 Tentative Specifications for Bituminous surface Dressing using Pre-coated Aggregates IRC 75: 1979 Guidelines for the Design of HighEmbankments IRC 78: 2000 Standard Specifications and Code of Practice for Road Bridges, Section VII (Parts 1 and 2), foundations and substructure Standard Specifications and code of practice for Road Bridges, SectionIX – Bearings Part I & II: Bearings (Metallic and elastomeric) IRC 87: 1984 Guidelines for the Design and Erection of False Work for RoadBridges IRC: SP 11 1958 Handbook of quality Control for Construction of Roads and runways. IS: Codes: National building code SP 7: 1983 Bureau of Indian Standards IS 73: 1992 Paving Bitumen IS 215: 1995 Road Tar IS 217: 1988 Cutback Bitumen IS 226: 1975 Structural steel (standard quality) IS 269: 1989 33 grade Ordinary Portland Cement IS 278: 1978 Galvanised steel barbed wire for fencing IS 280: 1978 Mild Steel wire for general engineering purposes IS 281: 1991 Mild Steel siding door bolts for use with padlocks IS 383: 1970 Coarse and fine aggregates IS 432: 1982 Mild steel and medium tensile steel bars and hard-drawn steel wire for concrete reinforcement (Part 1) Mild steel and medium tensile steel bars (Part 2) Hard-drawn steel wire IS 455: 1989 Portland slag cement IS 456: 2000 Code of practice for plain and reinforced concrete IS 457: 1957 Code of practice for general construction IS 515: 1959 Natural and manufactured aggregates for use in mass concrete IS 516: 1959 Method of test for the strength of concrete IS 650: 1991 Standard sand for testing cement IS 800: 1984 Code of practice for general construction in steel structures IS 814: 1991 Covered electrodes for manual metal arc welding of carbon and carbon manganese steel IS 815: 1974 Classification coding of covered electrodes for metal are welding of structural steel IS 823: 1964 Code of procedure for manual metal arc welding of mild steel IS 875: 1987 Code of practice for design loads (other than earthquake) for buildings and structures IS 1077: 1992 Common burnt, clay building bricks IS 1080: 1986 Design and construction of shallow foundation in soil (other than the raft ring and shell) IS 1161: 1979 Steel tubes for structural purposes IS 1239: 1990 Mild steel tubes, tubular and other wrought steel fittings (Part 1) Mild steel tubes (Part 2) Mild steel tubular and other wrought steel pipe fittings IS 1322: 1993 Bitumen felts for waterproofing and damp-proofing IS 1343: 1980 Code of practice for Prestressed concrete IS 1489: 1991 Portland Pozzolana Cement IS 1732: 1989 Dimensions for round and square steel bars for structural and general engineering purposes IS 1785: 1983 Plain hard-drawn steel wire for prestressed concrete (Part 1) Cold-drawn stress-relieved wire (Part 2) As drawn wire FOREIGN STANDARDS ASTM D-297 Methods for Rubber Product Chemical Analysis ASTM D-395 Compression set of vulcanized rubber ASTM D-412 Tension testing of vulcanized rubber ASTM D-429 Adhesion of vulcanized rubber-metal ASTM D-573 Accelerated ageing of vulcanized rubber by the oven method ASTM D-624 Tear resistance of vulcanized rubber ASTM D-797 Young’s Modulus in flexure of elastomer at normal and subnormal temperature ASTM D-1149 Accelerated Ozone cracking of vulcanized rubber ASTM D-1559 Test for resistance to plastic flow of bituminous mixtures using Marshall Apparatus ASTM D-2166 Test methods for Unconfined Compressive Strength of Cohesive Soils ASTM 0-2172 Extraction, quantitative, of bitumen from bituminous paving mixtures ASTM 0-2240 Indentation hardness of rubber and plastic using a Durometer ASTM 0-2434 Test methods for the permeability of Granular Soils ASTM 0-3080 Method for the direct shear test of soils under consolidated drained condition ASTM E-11 Specification for wire cloth sieve for testing purpose AASHTO OM 57-80 Materials for embankments and sub-grade AASHTO OM 147-67 Materials for aggregate and soil (1980) base and surface courses AASHTO OM 282-80 Joints sealants, not poured, elastomeric type, (ASTM: D 3406) for Portland cement cure rate of pavements

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DevilAVRT
DevilAVRT

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Beginner

What is Reinforced Brick Masonry? Explain the method of construction.

  1. Komal Bhandakkar

    Komal Bhandakkar

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    Komal Bhandakkar AUTHOR
    What is Reinforced Brick Masonry?

    Reinforced brick masonry (R.B. Masonry) : Definition: Composite structural material that consists of load-bearing brickwork masonry with reinforcement. Important parameter regarding reinforced brick masonry: A suitable length of metal (usually it is steel) is inserted in brickwork for proper bond foRead more

    Reinforced brick masonry

    (R.B. Masonry) :

    Definition:

    Composite structural material that consists of load-bearing brickwork masonry with reinforcement.

    Important parameter regarding reinforced brick masonry:

    • A suitable length of metal (usually it is steel) is inserted in brickwork for proper bond formation.
    • Appropriate formation of the bond is essential because to render the resultant composite capable of resisting not only the compressive stresses but also the tensile and shear stresses which can obtain in a structure.

    Construction materials needed :

    • First-class brick
    • Reinforcement (Wrought iron, flat bar, Steel meshes)
    • Cement mortar (1 : 3)

    Applications of reinforced brick masonry :

    • It is used in columns and piers
    • In brick arches, reinforced brickwork is preferred
    • Nowadays, reinforced brickwork is used in brick slab
    • It is also used in reinforced beam

    Advantages of reinforced brick masonry over conventional brick masonry :

    • Lower cost housing
    • Reinforced brick masonry plays an important role during an earthquake
    • Lowest labour cost
    • It gives weather protection
    • It is cheaply supervised
    • It provides additional strength to our structure
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Asked: In:
Komal Bhandakkar
Komal Bhandakkar

Komal Bhandakkar

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AUTHOR

What is Wet Basement? How can we avoid it?

  1. [Deleted User]

    The presence of moisture due to various reasons is simply the meaning of the wet basement.  In the area of the basement, efflorescence will occur. Efflorescence means the deposition of white powder on the surface due to the presence of alkalies.

    The presence of moisture due to various reasons is simply the meaning of the wet basement.  In the area of the basement, efflorescence will occur. Efflorescence means the deposition of white powder on the surface due to the presence of alkalies.

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AdityaBhandakkar
AdityaBhandakkar

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What are the types of welding techniques?

  1. nikeetasharma

    nikeetasharma

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    nikeetasharma Guru

    Welding is the fabrication process whereby two or more parts are fused together by means of heat, pressure or both forming a join as the parts cool. The types of welding techniques are as follows :- - Gas Metal Arc Welding - Gas Tungsten Arc Welding - Shielded Metal Arc Welding - Flux Cored Arc WeldRead more

    Welding is the fabrication process whereby two or more parts are fused together by means of heat, pressure or both forming a join as the parts cool.

    The types of welding techniques are as follows :-
    – Gas Metal Arc Welding
    – Gas Tungsten Arc Welding
    – Shielded Metal Arc Welding
    – Flux Cored Arc Welding

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Asked: In:
Rohan Chaugule
Rohan Chaugule

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Expert

In the design of elastomeric bearings, why are steel plates inserted inside the bearings?

  1. Komal Bhandakkar

    Komal Bhandakkar

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    Komal Bhandakkar AUTHOR
    Why are steel plates inserted inside the bearings in Elastomeric Bearings?

    Here, I am discussing some important reasons behind Steel plates inserted inside the bearing, especially in elastomeric bearings are as follows; For restricting the freedom of bearings to bulge and hence the deflection will get reduced when compared with bearings without any steel plates under the sRead more

    Here, I am discussing some important reasons behind Steel plates inserted inside the bearing, especially in elastomeric bearings are as follows;

    1. For restricting the freedom of bearings to bulge and hence the deflection will get reduced when compared with bearings without any steel plates under the same load.
    2. Inducing tensile stresses which limits bulging of the elastomer which provides a limit to the thickness of the steel plates
    3. Steel plates have the special property that it doesn’t affect the shear stiffness of Elasticmetric bearings.
    4. For increasing compression stiffness of elastomeric bearing by limiting the amount of lateral bulging
    5. To function the bearing as a soft Spring in elastomeric bearing
    6. Bearing should be allowed for bulging laterally in elastomeric bearing

    (Above diagram can clear your some doubts so refer it)

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Asked: In:
GK
GK

GK

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What should be the height of the plinth level in flood-prone areas?

  1. aviratdhodare

    aviratdhodare

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    aviratdhodare

    Plinth levels of all buildings should be 0.6 m above the drainage/flood submersion levels under the mean annual flood. All the buildings should preferably be two or more storeys. In single-storey buildings, a stairway must be provided to the roofs which could be used as temporary shelter for which rRead more

    1. Plinth levels of all buildings should be 0.6 m above the drainage/flood submersion levels under the mean annual flood.
    2. All the buildings should preferably be two or more storeys.
    3. In single-storey buildings, a stairway must be provided to the roofs which could be used as temporary shelter for which roof should be made of flat type.
    4. The roof levels of the single-storey buildings and the first floor level in double-storey buildings should be kept above 100-year flood levels.

    For more detailed guidelines, follow the Building Materials and Technology Promotion Council

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chrisjackson
chrisjackson

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What is the difference between an architectural technician and an architect? Is it essential to hire both for my construction project?

  1. aviratdhodare

    aviratdhodare

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    aviratdhodare

    Architects make plans for new construction projects, modifications, and redevelopments. They utilize their expert development information and significant level drawing skills to design structures that are functional, safe, sustainable, and aesthetically pleasing. Architects remain included all throuRead more

    Architects make plans for new construction projects, modifications, and redevelopments. They utilize their expert development information and significant level drawing skills to design structures that are functional, safe, sustainable, and aesthetically pleasing. Architects remain included all through the development procedure, adjusting their arrangements as indicated by spending requirements, natural elements, or customer needs. In that capacity, they work as a feature of a general undertaking configuration group, working intimately with a scope of development experts from amount assessors to building administration engineers.

    Architectural technicians are answerable for any technical specifications of a specific part of the architectural project. They create and design segments of the task with great detail, indicating definite estimations. They are typically entrusted with breaking down the usefulness of the project, just as assessing what potential mistakes could happen. Because of the precision required from the drafts and portrays, the technicians are appointed, they typically should draw a few representations of a similar segment with shifting edges and perspectives for the construction group.

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