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Asked: In:
Shivan
Shivan

Shivan

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What are the properties of good building stones?

  1. aviratdhodare

    aviratdhodare

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    aviratdhodare
    This answer was edited.

    APPEARANCE The stone to be used for facework must have uniform and pleasing color. It must be free from cavities, crack, flaws and patches of loose and soft materials. STRENGTH A good bldg stone should have sufficient crushing strength to withstand the load of superstructure. It should ≮ 1000 kg/cm²Read more

    APPEARANCE

    • The stone to be used for facework must have uniform and pleasing color.
    • It must be free from cavities, crack, flaws and patches of loose and soft materials.

    STRENGTH

    • A good bldg stone should have sufficient crushing strength to withstand the load of superstructure.
    • It should ≮ 1000 kg/cm².

    HARDNESS, TOUGHNESS AND RESISTANCE TO ABRASION

    • The stone to be used in stone pavements, as railway ballast or road metal must be sufficiently hard, tough, resistance to abrasion.
    • It must be able to resist wear and tear.

    DURABILITY

    • A good bldg stone must be durable enough to resist the effect of weathering against eg., rain, wing, temp, etc.
    • It should have fine grained, compact, and crystalline structure.

    TEXTURE

    A good bldg stone should have a closed grained and compact texture.

    WORKABILITY

    The stone to be used for ornamental craving and architectural appearance should be easily and economically dressed.

    SEASONING

    The stone to be used for an imp interior work should be well seasoned. Presence of moisture makes the stone soft and it is liable to an early decay when used in structural work.

    POROSITY

    • A good bldg stone should be less porous.
    • It should not absorb more than 5% of water.
    • Any stone absorbing 10% of water should be rejected.

    RESISTANCE TO FIRE

    • A good bldg stone should be able to resist high temp.
    • Its minerals constitutes should have equal coeff for expansion.

    SPECIFIC GRAVITY

    • The stone to be used on heavy engg works, docks, harbours, gravity dams, etc must have high specific gravity.
    • Its varies from 2.4 – 2.8.

    RESISTANCE TO ELECTRICITY

    • A good bldg stone should be non-absorbent like marble and slate etc.
    • It can offer good resistance to electricity.
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Gopal Mishra
Gopal Mishra

Gopal Mishra

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What are the difference between Tender and Contract Documents? Can we mention tender documents as contract document while issuing LOA to  the Contractor. if no then what is the difference?

  1. Gopal Mishra

    Gopal Mishra

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    Gopal Mishra

    To understand the difference between tender documents and contract documents, first we have to understand what these documents contain. Tender Documents: A tender is an offer in writing to contractors to execute the some specified works or to supply specified materials within a fixed time frame andRead more

    To understand the difference between tender documents and contract documents, first we have to understand what these documents contain.

    Tender Documents:

    A tender is an offer in writing to contractors to execute the some specified works or to supply specified materials within a fixed time frame and as per conditions of contract and agreement between the contractor and the owner or the department or the party.

    The tender documents contains the bill of quantities (BOQ), specifications of the works to be carried out, time frame for the completion of the work, conditions of the contract and plans and drawings. These documents are provided to the contractor on the payment of certain fees. The contractor who quotes the lowest rates for the overall works are offer the contract to execute the work.

    Contract Documents:

    Contract documents are the agreement between the owner or the party or the department and the contractor to execute the works as specified in the tender documents as per conditions of contract on the rates quoted by the contractor.

    The difference between Tender and Contract Documents:

    The difference here to be noted is that tender documents are offered to as many contractors as possible to get the lowest quotes for the work specified, while the contract documents are signed only with the contractor with lowest tender or rates.

    While the tender documents contains the conditions of contract and all the details for the specified work, there is not much difference between the two in terms of contents. But tender documents can not be submitted as Letter of Acceptance (LOA) as these are two different types of documents. While a tender document can not bind the contractor to do the work, a contract document binds the contractor to complete the work as per the agreement.

    Simple Example to understand the difference between tender and contract documents:

    When you are selected for a job in a company you are offered offer letter to join the company. But getting selected in a company does not mean that you join the same company, you may have other offer letters as well. But when you sign the letter of acceptance (LOA) for the job, you are bound to join the company. So, here offer letter from the company is a tender document and LOA is the contract document.

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Asked: In:
Vivek Patel
Vivek Patel

Vivek Patel

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What is Crazing crack in Plaster?

  1. nikeetasharma

    nikeetasharma

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    nikeetasharma Guru

    Crazing often occur within a few hours of plaster being applied to the wall and cracks may hardly be visible until dust or moisture makes them noticeable. These cracks normally occurs when a plaster mix with a high cement content is used or the plaster is allowed to dry too quickly.

    Crazing often occur within a few hours of plaster being applied to the wall and cracks may hardly be visible until dust or moisture makes them noticeable. These cracks normally occurs when a plaster mix with a high cement content is used or the plaster is allowed to dry too quickly.

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Asked: In:
david karasila
david karasila

david karasila

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In construction Project, What is the meaning of the term Float?

  1. nikeetasharma

    nikeetasharma

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    In construction project, float or slack is the amount of time that a task in a project network can be delayed without causing a delay to: 1.subsequent tasks ("free float"). 2.project completion date ("total float").

    In construction project, float or slack is the amount of time that a task in a project network can be delayed without causing a delay to:

    1.subsequent tasks (“free float”).
    2.project completion date (“total float”).

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Asked: In:
vivek gami
vivek gami

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Which method gives accurate desired strength in RCC ? Weight or volume batch?

  1. Komal Bhandakkar

    Komal Bhandakkar

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    Komal Bhandakkar AUTHOR
    This answer was edited.

     Methods for an onsite evaluation of concrete: You know what that the on-site evaluation of concrete strength is the biggest challenge in the condition assessment of existing infrastructure for the quality control of new construction. All parties agree that the strength of concrete is a critical parRead more

     Methods for an onsite evaluation of concrete:

    You know what that the on-site evaluation of concrete strength is the biggest challenge in the condition assessment of existing infrastructure for the quality control of new construction.

    All parties agree that the strength of concrete is a critical parameter

    1. Compression test on concrete Core
    2. The pull-out test
    3. Rebound hammer for concrete strength
    4. Ultrasonic pulse velocity
    5. Combined non-destructive testing methods

    Thank you.  

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Asked: In:
aviratdhodare
aviratdhodare

aviratdhodare

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Why are Chrome Corundum Bricks Red?

  1. AdityaBhandakkar

    AdityaBhandakkar

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    AdityaBhandakkar User
    Why are Chrome Corundum Bricks Red in Color?

    Hi, I added some technical points about Chrome corundum bricks It is a new excellent grade refractory materials with a very high-temperature performance with strong corrosion resistance and high strength which is made up of chromium oxide and for corundum as a raw material which is mixed with some oRead more

    Hi,

    I added some technical points about Chrome corundum bricks

    • It is a new excellent grade refractory materials with a very high-temperature performance with strong corrosion resistance and high strength which is made up of chromium oxide and for corundum as a raw material which is mixed with some other additives.

    Chemical composition:

    Al2O3 —.   >92

    CaO.        <1.2

    SiO.          <1.0

    Fe2O3.     <0.3

    Cr2O7.     >3

    ZrO2.        >3

    Properties:

    Cold crushing strength >180 MPa

    porosity.        >15%

    Bulk density. > 3.25 g/cm^3

    Modulus of rupture. > 9.5 MPa

    Applications:

    1. It is fire-resistant properties
    2. Strength in the range between 70 to 100 MPa.
    3. High resistance against thermal shocks
    4. Resistance against slag erosion
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Asked: In:
Manasa Kitti
Manasa Kitti

Manasa Kitti

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What is the role of direct cost and indirect cost in a budget?

  1. AdityaBhandakkar

    AdityaBhandakkar

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    Hi Manasa, Welcome to Theconstructor.org This is a detailed answer on Direct and Indirect Expense/cost is described Expenses are amounts paid for goods or services purchased. They can either be directly or indirectly related to the core business operations. Type of cost and Timing at which it is incRead more

    Hi Manasa,

    Welcome to Theconstructor.org

    This is a detailed answer on Direct and Indirect Expense/cost is described

    Expenses are amounts paid for goods or services purchased. They can either be directly or indirectly related to the core business operations. Type of cost and Timing at which it is incurred by the business frames the critical points of difference between direct and indirect expenses.

    Examples of direct and indirect expenses – Rent, light, salaries, wages, sales, etc. Direct and indirect costs are defined and differentiated as follows;

    Direct Expenses

    Direct,” as the word suggests, are those expenses that are entirely related and assigned to the core business operations of a company. They are mainly related to purchases and production of goods/services. Direct expenses are a part of the prime cost or the cost of goods sold by a company.

    Direct expenses are directly related to the production of the product sold or service rendered. They may differ for different companies, such as manufacturing companies, construction companies, service companies, etc.

    Direct expenses are shown on the debit side of a trading account.

    Examples of Direct Expenses

    · Wages

    · Factory rent

    · Cost of raw material

    · Premises renting

    · Fuel

    · Carriage inwards

    Indirect Expenses

    Unlike direct, indirect expenses are not directly related and assigned to the core business operations. Indirect expenses are necessary to keep the business up and running, but they can’t be directly related to the core revenue-generating products or services’ cost.

    Just like direct expenses, indirect expenses can also be different for different types of organizations. These are usually shared costs among different departments/segments within the firm.

    Indirect expenses are shown on the debit side of an income statement.

    Examples of Indirect Expenses

    · Salaries

    · Telephone bills

    · Printing & stationery

    · Legal & Accounting charges

    · Carriage outwards

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Asked: In:
Vivek Patel
Vivek Patel

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Which size of aggregate used in RCC structure?

  1. nikeetasharma

    nikeetasharma

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    nikeetasharma Guru

    Generally the most appropriate size of aggregate used in RCC structure is 20mm. It gives more strength to the structure.

    Generally the most appropriate size of aggregate used in RCC structure is 20mm. It gives more strength to the structure.

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