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david karasila
david karasila

david karasila

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In construction Project, What is the meaning of the term Float?

  1. nikeetasharma

    nikeetasharma

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    In construction project, float or slack is the amount of time that a task in a project network can be delayed without causing a delay to: 1.subsequent tasks ("free float"). 2.project completion date ("total float").

    In construction project, float or slack is the amount of time that a task in a project network can be delayed without causing a delay to:

    1.subsequent tasks (“free float”).
    2.project completion date (“total float”).

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Shivan
Shivan

Shivan

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What are the properties of good building stones?

  1. aviratdhodare

    aviratdhodare

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    aviratdhodare
    This answer was edited.

    APPEARANCE The stone to be used for facework must have uniform and pleasing color. It must be free from cavities, crack, flaws and patches of loose and soft materials. STRENGTH A good bldg stone should have sufficient crushing strength to withstand the load of superstructure. It should ≮ 1000 kg/cm²Read more

    APPEARANCE

    • The stone to be used for facework must have uniform and pleasing color.
    • It must be free from cavities, crack, flaws and patches of loose and soft materials.

    STRENGTH

    • A good bldg stone should have sufficient crushing strength to withstand the load of superstructure.
    • It should ≮ 1000 kg/cm².

    HARDNESS, TOUGHNESS AND RESISTANCE TO ABRASION

    • The stone to be used in stone pavements, as railway ballast or road metal must be sufficiently hard, tough, resistance to abrasion.
    • It must be able to resist wear and tear.

    DURABILITY

    • A good bldg stone must be durable enough to resist the effect of weathering against eg., rain, wing, temp, etc.
    • It should have fine grained, compact, and crystalline structure.

    TEXTURE

    A good bldg stone should have a closed grained and compact texture.

    WORKABILITY

    The stone to be used for ornamental craving and architectural appearance should be easily and economically dressed.

    SEASONING

    The stone to be used for an imp interior work should be well seasoned. Presence of moisture makes the stone soft and it is liable to an early decay when used in structural work.

    POROSITY

    • A good bldg stone should be less porous.
    • It should not absorb more than 5% of water.
    • Any stone absorbing 10% of water should be rejected.

    RESISTANCE TO FIRE

    • A good bldg stone should be able to resist high temp.
    • Its minerals constitutes should have equal coeff for expansion.

    SPECIFIC GRAVITY

    • The stone to be used on heavy engg works, docks, harbours, gravity dams, etc must have high specific gravity.
    • Its varies from 2.4 – 2.8.

    RESISTANCE TO ELECTRICITY

    • A good bldg stone should be non-absorbent like marble and slate etc.
    • It can offer good resistance to electricity.
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gAmE pLay
gAmE pLay

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How to Calculate the Area of formwork required for a Beam? Calculate the area of the formwork required for a beam of 2 m span and cross-section dimension of 400 mm x 200 mm?

  1. aviratdhodare

    aviratdhodare

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    aviratdhodare

    Formwork shall be measured in square metres as the actual surfaces in contact with the concrete The formwork or shuttering quantity for the member is measured as per the code of BIS - IS 1200:1982, Part 5- Method of Measurement of Building and Civil Engineering Works. For Column follow the process 1Read more

    Formwork shall be measured in square metres as the actual surfaces in contact with the concrete

    The formwork or shuttering quantity for the member is measured as per the code of BIS – IS 1200:1982, Part 5- Method of Measurement of Building and Civil Engineering Works.

    For Column follow the process

    1. Measure the four sides of column at base or in cross-section.

    2. Calculate the perimeter of column base.

    3. Measure the Colum height.

    4. Multiply the perimeter of base and height of column to give the shuttering area of column.

    Or other way, add all 4 sides and multiply it by height of column.

    For Beam follow the process

    1. Take the cross-section of beam and measure the lengths of the two sides and base of beam.

    2. Sum the three measurements.

    3. Measure the span of the beam

    4. Multiply the span length by sum of the three measurements (beam base two vertical sides) gives the shuttering area of beam.

    The top side in cross-section of beam is not considered as it will be part of beam.

    Or the other way, add the beam height(2 sides) and beam base and multiply it by beam length.

    Other important factors to be considered while picking the shuttering quantities.

    • Where formwork is required to be lined with wall board, hardboard, polythene sheet No deduction shall be made for openings up to 0.4sqm.
    • No deduction shall be made for any opening/cutouts when slip form technique is used.
    • Raking or circular cutting and rounded or moulded edges shall be measured in running meters. Moulded stopping shall be enumerated.
    • Formwork to secondary beam shall be measured up to the sides of main beams, but no deduction shall be made from the formwork of the main beams where the secondary beam intersects it.
    • Formwork to beam shall be measured up to sides of column, but no deduction shall be made from the formwork to stanchion or column casings at intersections of beam.

    Answer:

    Calculation:

    Cross section I terms of metres (400 200 mm) = 0.4  0.2 m

    Width and depth are given in cross section

    Area of the framework = (2 0.4 2) + (20.4  0.2) + (2  0.2)

    = 2.14 

    Result:

    The area of the formwork is = 2.14 .

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Shivan
Shivan

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What are refractory bricks and mention it’s types?

  1. nikeetasharma

    nikeetasharma

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    nikeetasharma Guru

    A fire brick, firebrick, or refractory is a block of ceramic material used in lining furnaces, kilns, fireboxes, and fireplaces. A refractory brick is built primarily to withstand high temperature, but will also usually have a low thermal conductivity for greater energy efficiency. There are mainlyRead more

    A fire brick, firebrick, or refractory is a block of ceramic material used in lining furnaces, kilns, fireboxes, and fireplaces. A refractory brick is built primarily to withstand high temperature, but will also usually have a low thermal conductivity for greater energy efficiency.

    There are mainly three varieties of refractory bricks;

    a) Acid Refractories
    i. Ordinary Fire Bricks
    ii. Silica Bricks
    iii. Ganister Bricks

    b) Basic Refractories
    i. Magnesite Bricks
    ii. Dolomite Bricks
    iii. Bauxite Bricks

    c) Neutral Refractories
    i. Chromite Bricks
    ii. Carborundum
    iii. Chrome Magnesite Bricks
    iv. Spinal Bricks
    v. Forsterite Bricks

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    • 31
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Gopal Mishra
Gopal Mishra

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What is a stressed ribbon bridge? Please provide details about it.

  1. Komal Bhandakkar

    Komal Bhandakkar

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    Komal Bhandakkar AUTHOR
    What is Stress Ribbon Bridge?

    Stressed Ribbon Bridge : In a very simple way, I am discussing stress Ribbon Bridge. Have a look! Meaning of stressed Ribbon Bridge : Stress simply related to tension and hence stressed Ribbon Bridge is tension structure Suspension cables are present in stressed Ribbon Bridge.  Due to ribbon stiffneRead more

    Stressed Ribbon Bridge :

    In a very simple way, I am discussing stress Ribbon Bridge. Have a look!

    Meaning of stressed Ribbon Bridge :

    • Stress simply related to tension and hence stressed Ribbon Bridge is tension structure
    • Suspension cables are present in stressed Ribbon Bridge.
    •  Due to ribbon stiffness gives to the structure.

    Examples of stress Ribbon Bridge :

    here I am discussing actual examples of stressed Ribbon Bridge, they are as follows;

    • Lake Hodges Pedestrian Bridge
    • Leonel Viera Bridge
    • Phyllis J. Tilley Memorial Bridge
    • Rogue river pedestrian Bridge
    • Terwilliger Park foot Bridge

     

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Asked: In:
Shivan
Shivan

Shivan

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What are the advantages and disadvantages of Robo sand?

  1. Komal Bhandakkar

    Komal Bhandakkar

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    Komal Bhandakkar AUTHOR
    What are the Advantages and Disadvantages of Robo sand?

    Nowadays, We should start to use M-sand as one of the alternative building construction material so that impacts on the environment will get reduced to some extent. Here, I will be discussing some advantages and disadvantages of manufactured sand. Advantages of manufactured sand : Manufactured sandRead more

    Nowadays,

    We should start to use M-sand as one of the alternative building construction material so that impacts on the environment will get reduced to some extent.

    Here, I will be discussing some advantages and disadvantages of manufactured sand.

    Advantages of manufactured sand :

    • Manufactured sand has a higher fineness modulus index as compared to natural sand
    • It has better abrasion resistance because manufactured sand is free from silt and clay.
    • Lower Permeability
    • Higher unit weights
    • It has very less destructive to our environment because it highly reduces sand mining from the river bed.
    • It has good workability of concrete
    • Higher-strength
    • Greater durability.

    Disadvantages of manufactured sand:

    • Higher cost
    • More requirement of water-cement due to its smooth and angular texture to achieve appropriate workability.
    • Presence of more amount of micro-fine particles that adversely affect on strength and workability of concrete.

     

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