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dbnalawade
dbnalawade

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Understanding of multinational companies operating globally is so important for engineers aspiring career in construction. Which are top Multinational Construction Companies operating in India?

  1. nikeetasharma

    nikeetasharma

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    nikeetasharma Guru

    The top multinational construction companies operating in India are as follows :- - Larsen and Taubro Ltd - Tata Steel Ltd - JSW Steel Ltd - Steel Authority of India Ltd - UltraTech Cement Ltd - Jindal Steel and Power Ltd - Ambuja Cement Ltd - Reliance Infrastructures Ltd - ACC Ltd - Shree Cement LtRead more

    The top multinational construction companies operating in India are as follows :-

    – Larsen and Taubro Ltd
    – Tata Steel Ltd
    – JSW Steel Ltd
    – Steel Authority of India Ltd
    – UltraTech Cement Ltd
    – Jindal Steel and Power Ltd
    – Ambuja Cement Ltd
    – Reliance Infrastructures Ltd
    – ACC Ltd
    – Shree Cement Ltd

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Ancy Joby
Ancy Joby

Ancy Joby

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What are the different types of glasses that can be use in the building construction?

  1. nikeetasharma

    nikeetasharma

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    nikeetasharma Guru

    The different types of glasses that can be used in the building construction are as follows :- - Flat glass - Coated glass - Clear glass - Tinted glass - Insulated glass - Spandrel glass - Wired glass

    The different types of glasses that can be used in the building construction are as follows :-

    – Flat glass
    – Coated glass
    – Clear glass
    – Tinted glass
    – Insulated glass
    – Spandrel glass
    – Wired glass

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vivek gami
vivek gami

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Describe the hand mix process of concrete on the floor?

  1. Komal Bhandakkar

    Komal Bhandakkar

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    Komal Bhandakkar AUTHOR
    Describe the hand mix process of concrete on the floor?

    Let's discuss some important precautions that we should keep in our mind while doing hand mixing of concrete. They are as follows ; Hand mixing should be used for small concrete preparation Hand mixing platform should be watertight and it should be impervious Mixing platform should be of concrete plRead more

    Let’s discuss some important precautions that we should keep in our mind while doing hand mixing of concrete. They are as follows ;

    • Hand mixing should be used for small concrete preparation
    • Hand mixing platform should be watertight and it should be impervious
    • Mixing platform should be of concrete platform or brick floor to avoid the addition of extra water in our concrete
    • Water should be added in some interval in concrete while hand mixing
    • Avoid large sizes of buckets for the measurement purpose
    • Labours should wear a mask to avoid some respiratory diseases

    Steps to follow for doing hand mixing of concrete :

    • Doing proper batching of all the ingredients of concrete and spread them evenly
    • Add cement with Sand and mix them for throughout
    • Mixing process should continue until we get the homogeneous colour
    • Then add coarse aggregate into it and again mix it appropriately
    • For mixing forward and backward movement of shovel have to be done
    • Then at the centre, one hollow circular space is formed for the addition of water
    • While doing hand mixing 5 to 10% of the extra amount of cement should be added
    • PPE( Personal Protective Equipment) should be wear by labour while doing hand mixing

     

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Dhanya
Dhanya

Dhanya

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Beginner

What are Mac-Arthur Piles?

  1. nikeetasharma

    nikeetasharma

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    nikeetasharma Guru

    Mac-arthur piles are the heavy steel casing with a core is driven into ground. When the desired depth is reached, the core is withdrawn and a corrugated steel shell is placed in the casing. The last operation consists in filling and gradually compacting the concrete and withdrawing the casing.

    Mac-arthur piles are the heavy steel casing with a core is driven into ground. When the desired depth is reached, the core is withdrawn and a corrugated steel shell is placed in the casing. The last operation consists in filling and gradually compacting the concrete and withdrawing the casing.

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jusinovation jusinovation
jusinovation jusinovation

jusinovation jusinovation

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How the properties of reflection can be used in the material selection a building?

  1. nikeetasharma

    nikeetasharma

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    nikeetasharma Guru

    The property of reflection can be used for the selection of material like glass for windows, tiles, etc.

    The property of reflection can be used for the selection of material like glass for windows, tiles, etc.

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Gopal Mishra
Gopal Mishra

Gopal Mishra

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Can you tell me types of slabs? And how can we design them?

  1. aviratdhodare

    aviratdhodare

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    aviratdhodare

    Flat slab - Flat slab is minimum 8″ or 0.2m. Slab without drop and column without column head(capital). Slab with drop and column without column head. Slab without drop and column with column head. Slab with drop and column with column head. Conventional slab - conventional slab is 4″ or 10cm. 5″ toRead more

    Flat slab – Flat slab is minimum 8″ or 0.2m.

    1. Slab without drop and column without column head(capital).
    2. Slab with drop and column without column head.
    3. Slab without drop and column with column head.
    4. Slab with drop and column with column head.


    Conventional slab – conventional slab is 4″ or 10cm. 5″ to 6″ inches

    1. One-Way Slab
    2. Two-Way Slab

    Hollow core ribbed slab

    hollow core ribbed slab

    Hardy slab

    1. One way Hardy Slab
    2. Two way Hardy slab

    Waffle slab

    1. Triangular pod system
    2. Square pod system

    Dome slab

    dome slab

    Pitch roof slab

    Pitch roof slab

    Slab with arches

    arch slab

    Post tension slab

    post tension slab

    Pre tension Slab

    Low roof slab

    Projected slab

    projected slab

    Grads Slab/ Slab on grade

    slab with sand and concreteconcrete slab

    Sunken Slab

    sunken slab below ground level

     

    a) Effective span of slab:

    Effective span of slab shall be lesser of the two

    1. L = clear span + d (effective depth )

    2. L = Center to center distance between the support

    b) Depth of slab:

    The depth of slab depends on bending moment and deflection criterion. the trail depth can be obtained using:

    • Effective depth d= Span /((L/d)Basic x modification factor)
    • For obtaining modification factor, the percentage of steel for slab can be assumed from 0.2 to 0.5%.
    • The effective depth d of two way slabs can also be assumed using cl.24.1,IS 456 provided short span is 3.5m and loading class is <3.5KN/m2

    Type of support

    Simply supported

    Fe-250 – L/35

    Fe-415 – L/28

    Continuous support

    Fe-250 – L/40

    Fe-415 – L/32

    Or, the following thumb rules can be used:

    • One way slab d=(L/22) to (L/28).
    • Two way simply supported slab d=(L/20) to (L/30)
    • Two way restrained slab d=(L/30) to (L/32)

    c) Load on slab:

    The load on slab comprises of Dead load, floor finish and live load. The loads are calculated per unit area (load/m2).

    Dead load = D x 25 kN/m2 ( Where D is thickness of slab in m)

    Floor finish (Assumed as)= 1 to 2 kN/m2

    Live load (Assumed as) = 3 to 5 kN/m2 (depending on the occupancy of the building)

    Detailing Requirements of RCC Slab as per IS456: 2000

    a) Nominal Cover:

    For Mild exposure – 20 mm

    For Moderate exposure – 30 mm

    However, if the diameter of bar do not exceed 12 mm, or cover may be reduced by 5 mm. Thus for main reinforcement up to 12 mm diameter bar and for mild exposure, the nominal cover is 15 mm.

    b) Minimum reinforcement: The reinforcement in either direction in slab shall not be less than

    • 0.15% of the total cross sectional area for Fe-250 steel
    • 0.12% of the total cross-sectional area for Fe-415 & Fe-500 steel.

    c) Spacing of bars: The maximum spacing of bars shall not exceed

    • Main Steel – 3d or 300 mm whichever is smaller
    • Distribution steel –5d or 450 mm whichever is smaller Where, ‘d’ is the effective depth of slab. Note: The minimum clear spacing of bars is not kept less than 75 mm (Preferably 100 mm) though code do not recommend any value.

    d) Maximum diameter of bar: The maximum diameter of bar in slab, shall not exceed D/8, where D is the total thickness of slab.

     

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amr soliman
amr soliman

amr soliman

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Beginner

What is the difference between screed concrete and brickbat coba waterproofing? Which is the best of both?

  1. Madeh Izat Hamakareem

    Madeh Izat Hamakareem

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    Madeh Izat Hamakareem EDITOR

    Brickbat Coba waterproofing is an effective way of providing waterproofing and insulation for thermal comfort for flat RCC roofs to prevent leakage of water. It is one of the oldest procedures of waterproofing, which consists of laying brickbats on the flat RCC roof and grouting the same with waterpRead more

    Brickbat Coba waterproofing is an effective way of providing waterproofing and insulation for thermal comfort for flat RCC roofs to prevent leakage of water.

    It is one of the oldest procedures of waterproofing, which consists of laying brickbats on the flat RCC roof and grouting the same with waterproofing compound with a slope to drain the surface water.

    for more detail please visit the following link:

    https://test.theconstructor.org/concrete/brickbat-waterproofing-procedure-disadvantages/39280/

    Concrete screed is a construction element laid in a range of thicknesses whose purpose is to bring the installation surface of the concrete flooring to the design height and to provide a surface suitable for installing the specified flooring.

    for more detail please visit the following link:

    https://test.theconstructor.org/concrete/concrete-screed-properties/17132/

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vivek gami
vivek gami

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What is the difference between Tender and Quotation?

  1. nikeetasharma

    nikeetasharma

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    nikeetasharma Guru

    Quotations are requested where the value of goods and/or services is less than $150,000. Tenders, as a rule are called for contracts in excess of $150,000. Every business has to give its customers prices for its products or services.

    Quotations are requested where the value of goods and/or services is less than $150,000. Tenders, as a rule are called for contracts in excess of $150,000. Every business has to give its customers prices for its products or services.

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